Point de départ In Leçon 2A, you learned how to negate verbs with ne... pas, which is used to make a general negation. In French, as in English, you can.

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Transcription de la présentation:

Point de départ In Leçon 2A, you learned how to negate verbs with ne... pas, which is used to make a general negation. In French, as in English, you can also use a variety of expressions that add a more specific meaning to the negation. The other negative expressions are also made up of two parts: ne and a second negative word.

Affirmative Negative quelqu‘un (someone) ne...personne (no one) Je connais quelqu’un. Je ne connais personne ici. quelque chose (something) ne...rien (nothing) J’ai quelque chose à manger. Je n’ai rien à manger. quelque part (somewhere) ne...nulle part (nowhere) Je vais quelque part cet été. Je ne vais nulle part cet été. quelque(s), beaucoup (some, a lot) ne...aucun(e) (none) Il a quelques idées. Il n’a aucune idée. et / ou (and / or) ne...ni…ni Nous avons des chiens et des chats. Nous n’avons ni chiens ni chats.

Jamais, personne, plus, and rien can be doubled up with ne. To negate the expression il y a, place n’ before y and the second negative word after the form of avoir. The negative words personne and rien can be the subject of a verb, in which case they are placed before the verb. Personne n’a téléphoné. Rien n’est impossible. Jamais, personne, plus, and rien can be doubled up with ne.

To say neither. nor, use three negative words: ne. ni. ni To say neither... nor, use three negative words: ne... ni... ni. Note that partitive and indefinite articles are usually omitted.

Note that aucun(e) can be either an adjective or a pronoun Note that aucun(e) can be either an adjective or a pronoun. Therefore, it must agree with the noun it modifies. It is always used in the singular.

Note that in the passé composé, the words jamais, plus, and rien are placed between the auxiliary verb and the past participle. Aucun(e), personne, and que follow the past participle.

These expressions can be used in affirmative phrases These expressions can be used in affirmative phrases. Note that when jamais is not accompanied by ne, it can mean ever.

Note that personne, quelque chose, quelqu’un, and rien can be modified with an adjective after de. quelqu’un, quelque chose, personne, rien de masculine adjective = J’ai rencontré quelqu’un d’intéressant. infinitive = quelqu’un, quelque chose, personne, rien à Nous n’avons rien à déclarer.

Je ne parle que français. Je ne parle français qu’en France. The expression ne…que is not a negative expression. It is a limiting expression that means only. Its equivalent is seulement. Note the following uses. Je parle français. I speak French. Je ne parle que français. I only speak French. Je ne parle français qu’en France. I only speak French in France. Je ne parle français en France qu’avec mes amis. I speak French in France only with my friends. NE comes before the verb QUE comes before the word or phrase to which the restriction applies. Since ne…que is not a negative expression, the indefinite and partitive articles do not change after the verb. Je mange des legumes. Je ne mange que des légumes.

Essayez! Choisissez l’expression correcte. 1. (Jamais / Personne) ne trouve cet homme agréable. 2. Je ne veux (rien / jamais) faire aujourd’hui. 3. Y a-t-il (quelqu’un / personne) à la banque? 4. Je n’ai reçu (pas de / aucun) colis. 5. Il n’y avait (ne / ni) lettres ni colis dans la boîte aux lettres. 6. Il n’y a (plus / aucun) d’argent à la banque? 7. Jérôme ne va (toujours / jamais) à la poste. 8. Le facteur n’arrive (toujours / qu’) à trois heures. © and ® 2011 Vista Higher Learning, Inc.

Dites ce que ces personnes ne font pas Dites ce que ces personnes ne font pas. Utilisez les verbs entre parenthèses et une expression négative: ne…personne, ne…rien, ne…nulle part. Jean-Pierre est timide. (parler à) Il ne parle à personne. Carole se repose. (faire) Pauline est très malade. (manger) Marc n’est pas sociable. (inviter) Thomas reste chez lui. (aller) Antoine n’a pas soif. (boire) Philippe ne voyage pas cet été. (partir) Bernard est un nouvel élève. (connaître) Catherine n’a pas d’argent. (acheter)