Passé composé vs. Imparfait vs Plus que parfait.

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Transcription de la présentation:

Passé composé vs. Imparfait vs Plus que parfait. FSF$U

3 Temps du passé Passé composé is for actions or statements limited in the past, the beginning, the end, the period are known Imparfait is for past actions or statements expressing a length or a repetition which beginning and end are not known. Plus que parfait describes a statement or event occurring before another past event.

Passé composé Uses: The passé composé is the most commonly used tense to refer to actions completed in the past. Formation: This tense is called the passé composé because it is composed of two elements: the present tense of an auxiliary verb (either avoir or être), followed by a past participle: passé composé = present tense of auxiliary + past participle Note that in most instances the auxiliary verb is avoir, but some verbs require être as the auxiliary.

Passé composé Auxiliaries Always use Avoir as the auxiliary, UNLESS the verb is in DR MRS VANDERTRAMP, or it is a PRONOMINAL verb. Avoir Être Je ai suis Tu as es Il/Elle/On a est Nous avons sommes Vous avez êtes Ils/Elles ont sont

Passé composé Masculin Singulier / Masculin Pluriel s When verbs use Être as their auxiliary verb in the past The past participle (participe passé) of these verbs must agree by number and gender. Masculin Singulier / Masculin Pluriel s Féminin Singulier e Féminin Pluriel es

Passé composé For regular verbs with an infinitive ending in -er, the past participle is formed by replacing the final -er of the infinitive with –é Parler  parlé , Manger  mangé The past participle of regular verbs with an infinitive ending in -ir is formed by dropping the final -r from the infinitive. Finir  fini , Choisir  choisi The past participle of regular verbs with an infinitive ending in -re is formed by replacing the final -re of the infinitive with -u. Perdre  perdu , Attendre  attendu

Passé composé negation : Negation of the passé composé is formed by placing ne ... pas around the conjugated verb, which, in this case, is the auxiliary avoir. Je n’ai pas mangé les bonbons.

Passé composé Mon frère ______________ (perdre) toute sa fortune Nous______________ (marcher) toute la journée Le spectacle ______________ (finir) très tard Ils ______________ (attendre) l’autobus une demi- heure Elle ______________ (trouver) un sac dans la rue

L’Imparfait The imperfect tense (l'imparfait), one of several past tenses in French, is used to describe states of being and habitual actions in the past. It also has several idiomatic uses.

L’Imparfait States of being or past description : The imparfait is used to describe people, places, conditions or situations in the past. Some verbs occur more frequently in the imparfait when they are in the past since they typically describe states of being: être, avoir, vouloir, pouvoir. But these verbs do sometimes occur in the passé composé. Ex: Quand Édouard était adolescent, il n'avait qu'un rêve – devenir un grand cuisinier.

L’Imparfait Habitual actions in the past: The imparfait is also used to state habitual actions in the past. These past habits are often translated as 'used to, or 'would.’ Ex: Tu te rappelles, en été à Paris, quand il faisait chaud? On allait toujours à 10 heures du soir chez Berthillon

L’Imparfait Idiomatic uses: Suggestions The imparfait is used to suggest an action in phrases beginning with Si on…? Ex: Si on achetait une grosse Suburban? Wishes The imparfait is used to express wishes such as 'If only we didn't have a test this week!’ Si seulement on avait plus d'argent!

L’Imparfait Stem The stem of the imparfait is the first person plural (nous) form of the present tense, minus the -ons. The imparfait stem is regular for all verbs except être:

L’Imparfait Endings:

L’Imparfait Examples

L’Imparfait Tammy ______________ (étudier) la chimie avant la soirée. J'______________ (écouter) la musique française quand il est arrivé. Vous ______________ (entendre) des voix mystérieuses. Édouard ______________ (servir) le repas quand le client a commandé du ketchup. Elles ______________ (faire) du shopping quand Tammy est tombée dans la rivière.

Plus Que parfait Use: Indicates a past action that happened before another past action started (in English, had done). It can be seen as ‘past’ past tense. Formation: To form plus-que-parfait, use the forms of avoir or être in the imparfait + the past participle of the main verb.

Plus Que parfait L’imparfait of the of the auxiliaries être and avoir

Plus Que parfait Il avait déjà entendu la chanson quand il a acheté le CD Ils étaient déjà commencé leurs concert quand nous sommes arrivés.

Plus Que parfait Si seulement tu ______________ (finir) ton nouveau poème! Il ______________ (tomber) amoureux avant la fin de la guerre. nous ______________ (prendre) le bus avant l'éclat des orages. Nous ______________ (lire) les grandes oeuvres de la littérature française.

Vidéos Video: Imparfait Vs Passé composé http://www.frenchspanishonline.com/magazine/pass e-compose-vs-imparfait/ Video for Plus que parfait http://www.frenchspanishonline.com/magazine/frenc h-pluperfect-past-perfect-in-french/