GREDOR - GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables How to plan grid investments smartly? Moulin de Beez, Namur – 29/04/2015 Stéphane Rapoport, Tractebel Engineering 1

Problem Statement A tool for network planning Challenges – Uncertainty Solar, Wind, Heat pumps etc. – Large optimization problem – New control options load flexibility/ICT – Robust investment decisions GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 2 Source: wikipedia Methodology Plan the network in such a way that the total cost is minimized Total cost = infrastructure cost + operation cost Results = optimal number of substations, transformers, cable size etc.

Structure of the planning Tools GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 3 Supporting software tools: SMART OPERATION – mimics the grid operation SMART SAMPLING – handles profiles Smart Sizing Smart Operation Smart Sampling Smart Planning output Main software tools: SMART SIZING - seeks the “ideal” target network SMART PLANNING - development of grid expansion plans

The Model GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 4 Coefficients Geography ………… Customer diversity Transformer cost € Demand flexibility cost ………… VL3 VL2 VL1 Profiles Input to the tool Output from the tool VL4 Infrastructure cost € Operation cost Flexibility activation

Smart Sizing - Case Study GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 5 Wind PV at MV PV at LV Load at LV 70 kV (VL2) 10.5 kV (VL1) This topology is not strictly within GREDOR’s scope

Smart Sizing - Data Processing Methodology 4 days representing each season GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 6

Smart Sizing - Simulation Results GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 7 ScenariosLevel of flexibility Case 1 No flexibility activated Case 2Load shifting alone activated Case 3Load shedding alone activated 97%91%85% Infrastructure cost Operation cost

Features of the Smart Sizing Tool Application to case study GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 8 Evaluate the benefits of flexibility in a network Total cost with flexibility is lower than the total cost without flexibility 17% cost reduction with load shifting activated 13% cost reduction with load shedding activated Evaluate the effect of flexibility on the operation and infrastructure cost Operation & infrastructure cost varies depending on the chosen flexibility The higher the flexibility the higher the operation cost The higher the flexibility the lower the infrastructure cost Decide the type of flexibility required in the network Load shifting helps in lowering more cost than load shedding (note: shedding cost is four times the shifting cost)

GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 9 Estimate the critical cost of flexibility The critical cost is the cost of flexibility beyond which flexibility in the network is activated to reach the minimum total cost Features of the Smart Sizing Tool Application to case study Find the required flexibility profile in a network

Next Steps Study of the CIPLY network GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables 10