LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications" 1 Drame Interactif Nicolas Szilas LINC, Paris 8

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"2 Plan Quest-ce quune histoire interactive? Le « paradoxe »… Le point de vue Drame Interactif Les approches Une approche! La fin du paradoxe... Le début dune nouvelle écriture!

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"3 Définition histoire interactive = le lecteur modifie lhistoire histoire vs récit

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"4 Le « paradoxe » Narration = suite dévénements arrangés par un auteur Interaction = événements décidés par le lecteur Qui fait quoi??

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"5 Le drame interactif Drame = le récepteur perçoit directement les événements de lhistoire Exemples: théâtre, cinéma, drame radiophonique, BD, jeu vidéo Drame interactif: le récepteur est un personnage (sur ordinateur...)

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"6 Personnages intelligents –Jeux Vidéos (Creatures, B&W, Sims, etc.) –« Narrative characters » (Univ. Teesside) –Emergence... (multi)linéarité générique –« Plot points » (CMU, Inesc) –Succession de scènes (B. Majerko, Facade) –Modèle de Propp (Darmstadt) Simulation –Planification (Liquid Narrative, N. Sgouros) –Description structurale (U. Aalborg, IDtension) Les approches

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"7 Exemple: Creatures

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"8 Exemple: Creatures

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"9 Exemple: Les Sims

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"10 Exemple: Les Sims

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"11 Exemple: Univ. of Teesside

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"12 Exemple: Univ. of Teesside

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"13 Exemple: Inesc

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"14 Exemple: Façade

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"15 Exemple: Façade

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"16 Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"17 Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group Plan narratif

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"18 Exemple: Liquid Narrative Group Plan narratif + Modélisation du suspens

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"19 Exemple: IDtension... L approche: Simuler le récit

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"20 Analogie

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"21 Modèle théorique Discours Histoire Perception Intention, système de valeurs Personnages, buts, obstacles, actions, transformation, etc. Cognitif, emotionnel

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"22 Architecture Actions Narratives Joe vole les clefs à Marie Joe accepte de voler les clefs... Anne dissuade Joe de voler les clefs à Marie Michel informe Anne que Joe veut voler les clefs à Marie etc. Actions narratives: Informer Inciter Dissuader Accepter Refuser Réaliser Condamner Féliciter

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"23 Architecture Monde de lhistoire Logique Narrative Joe vole les clefs à Marie Joe accepte de voler les clefs... Anne dissuade Joe de voler les clefs à Marie Michel informe Anne que Joe veut voler les clefs à Marie etc.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"24 Architecture Monde de lhistoire Logique Narrative Effets narratifs Cohérence éthique Cohérence motivationelle Pertinence Complexité Caractérisation Conflit

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"25 Architecture Monde de lhistoire Logique Narrative Modèle utilisateur Séquenceur narratif

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"26 Architecture Monde de lhistoire Logique Narrative Modèle utilisateur Séquenceur narratif Théâtre

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"27 Zoom sur le monde de lhistoire Personnages {-X} Buts {+Y} Tâches X Obstacle Valeurs -1 0 att t -1 0 ACTIONS Décider Informer Inciter Dissuader Accepter Refuser Réaliser Condamner Féliciter Y

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"28 Cohérence éthique Cohérence motivationnelle Pertinence Charge cognitive Caractérisation Conflit Réalisme Suspense, surprise, spectacle… Cognitifs Emotions Zoom sur le séquenceur

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"29 AnnaBill Mme D Joe {-X} Témoin rétracté Avoir argent Objectifs vacances {+Y} Y Tâches X Pas assez riche -1 0 att t -1 0 Acheter témoin Eliminer témoin Loi Non violence Aller à Bangkok Voler la banque Paul Mr D Exemple 1

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"30 Simulation: conditions initiales Joe wishes to to change Mr D. s testimony Anna and Bill know that Anna knows Joe could buy Mr D. Bill knows Joe could kill Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"31 Simulation: Deux modes Automatique Interactif

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"32 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so! Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"33 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so! Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"34 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"35 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so! Anna dissuades him to do so! Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"36 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so! He proposes him some money for changing his testimony,but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"37 Résultats en automatique (1/2) Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe accepts Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to do that. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Anna dissuades him to do so! Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Anna encourages him to do so Bill encourages Joe to kill Mr D. Joe meets Mr D. He proposes him some money for changing his testimony, but Mr D. wants a lot of money, and Joe is not rich enough He then decides to get money He tells Anna about it Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Sylvie dissuades him to do so!

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"38 Résultats en automatique (2/2) Joe tells her he is trying to get money He tells Bill too about it Bill inform him that he could rob the bank Joe accepts. He tells Anna he wants to rob the bank Anna encourages him to do it He tells Bill about his intention two Bill encourages to do it He tells Sylvie about his intention Sylvie dissuades him to do so Joe robs the bank, and he is successful He pays Mr D. He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D. Joe tells Anna he wants to rob the bank Sylvie dissuades him to do it Anna encourages him to do it He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"39 Résultats en automatique (2/2) Joe tells her he is trying to get money He tells Bill too about it Bill inform him that he could rob the bank Joe accepts. He tells Anna he wants to rob the bank Anna encourages him to do it He tells Bill about his intention two Bill encourages to do it He tells Sylvie about his intention Sylvie dissuades him to do so Joe robs the bank, and he is successful He pays Mr D. He obtains the withdrawal of testimony from MR D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"40 Résultats en interactif Premier coup: Anna tells Joe he could try to buy Mr D., the witness Joe tells Bill he could buy Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he could buy Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wishes to change Mr D.s testimony Joe tells Mrs D. he wishes to change Mr D.s testimony Joe accepts to buy Mr D. Joe refuses to buy Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"41 Résultats en interactif Deuxième coup: Bill tells Joe to kill Mr D. Joe tells Anna he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Bill he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Mrs D. he wants to buy Mr D. Joe tells Anna he could kill Mr D. Joe tells Sylvie he could kill Mr D. Joe tells Mr D. he wishes to change Mr D.s testimony Joe tells Mrs D. he wishes to change Mr D.s testimony Joe accepts to kill Mr D. Joe refuses to kill Mr D.

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"42 Commandant neutralisé émeute pas_assez_nombreux: nbre amis enfermés<2 nbre amis non enfermés <1 0 -0,5 non_violence enfermé: ~AVOIR(acteur,crochet); Exemple 2

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"43 Posséder {+AVOIR(acteur, chose_convoitee)} demander voler échanger poignarder 0 -0,5 non_violence 0 -0,5 honnetete refus_pas_amis: affinité(acteur,possesseur)<0.8 mauvais_orateur: competence(acteur, parler)<0.6 pas_de_couteau: ~AVOIR(acteur,couteau); reaction_victime refus_echange: affinité( acteur,possesseur)<0.5 S Exemple 2

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"44 Le « paradoxe » Narration = suite dévénements arrangés par un auteur Interaction = événements décidés par le lecteur Discours Histoire Perception Intention, système de valeurs Personnages, buts, obstacles, actions, transformation Cognitif, emotionnel AnnaBill Mme D Joe {-X} Témoin rétracté Avoir argent Objectifs vacances {+Y} Y Tâches X Pas assez riche -1 0 att t -1 0 Acheter témoin Eliminer témoin Loi Non violence Aller à Bangkok Voler la banque Paul Mr D

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"45 Monde de lhistoire Logique Narrative Modèle utilisateur Séquenceur narratif Théâtre Ecrire avec IDtension Paramètres Surface text

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"46 Retour dexpérience Monde de lhistroire Logique Narrative Modèle utilisateur Séquenceur narratif Théâtre Abstraction Spatial vs temporel Eclatement entre la structure et la forme Raisonnement à partir de fragments dhistoires

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"47 Linéarisation / délinéarisation Representation abstraite de lhistoire Fragments dhistoire Expérience Interactive papier crayonordinateur

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"48 Conclusion Lhistoire interactive est possible … mais challenge technique: Agents (très) intelligents Modélisation complète du récit Problèmes dinterface Challenge décriture

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"49 Pour en savoir plus...

LINC - Equipe "Technologies & Communications"50 Liens Général: Jeu: thesims.ea.com/ blackandwhite.ea.com/ Drame interactif gaips.inesc.pt/teatrix/ (Façade) liquidnarrative.csc.ncsu.edu/