NAME: Abdul Saleem Mir Enrollment Number: 49/2010 7th ELECTRICAL SUPERCAPACITOR As energy storage device This template can be used as a starter file for presenting training materials in a group setting. Sections Right-click on a slide to add sections. Sections can help to organize your slides or facilitate collaboration between multiple authors. Notes Use the Notes section for delivery notes or to provide additional details for the audience. View these notes in Presentation View during your presentation. Keep in mind the font size (important for accessibility, visibility, videotaping, and online production) Coordinated colors Pay particular attention to the graphs, charts, and text boxes. Consider that attendees will print in black and white or grayscale. Run a test print to make sure your colors work when printed in pure black and white and grayscale. Graphics, tables, and graphs Keep it simple: If possible, use consistent, non-distracting styles and colors. Label all graphs and tables. NAME: Abdul Saleem Mir Enrollment Number: 49/2010 7th ELECTRICAL

Supercapacitor Definition Supercapacitors are electrochemical devices with following features: High energy density. High power density. High capacitance. Longer life

HISTORY The first supercapacitor based on double layer mechanism was developed in 1957 by General Electric using porous electrode. Standard Oil Company Cleveland Ohio rediscovered this effect in 1966 & gave licensing to NEC in 1978 for market production. Give a brief overview of the presentation. Describe the major focus of the presentation and why it is important. Introduce each of the major topics. To provide a road map for the audience, you can repeat this Overview slide throughout the presentation, highlighting the particular topic you will discuss next.

Principle Construction It consists of following components: Current collector: Metal contacts are used as current collectors .

Polarized electrode: Highly activated carbon is used as electrode because of following reasons: It is highly porous It has extraordinarily high specific surface area It has good conductivity High temperature and chemical stability Corrosion resistant This is another option for an Overview slides using transitions.

Electrolyte It contains dissolved and solvated ions that migrate to and from the electrodes during charge and discharge respectively. Electrolytes are of two types: Water soluble Water insoluble

Separator It acts as mechanical separation between two electrodes. It must provide electronic insulation between the electrode of opposite polarization It must support ionic conduction from one electrode to another.

WORKING

Equivalent circuit

Manufacturers & Specifications

Advantages High energy storage Low ESR and hence high power density Appreciable operating temp.(-40ºC to 70ºC) Eco-friendly

Disadvantages Low voltage per cell It can't be used in AC & high frequency circuits

Comparison

Applications Used in Diesel engine start up in submarines & tanks. Used to recover braking energy in HEV & modern trains and deliver the same during accelerating periods. Can be used in f &V control in power systems Used as backup energy source for GPS guided missiles

Flat style of super capacitor used for mobile devices. Radial Typical knob capacitor For PCB mounting used for memory backup Radial style of lithium- Ion capacitor for PCB mounting used for industrial applications

References R.Morrison, ‘’The chemical physics of surfaces’’ New York: Plenum,1990. E.J.Dowgiallo & A.F.Bruke ‘’ Ultracapacitors for electric and hybrid vehicles: A technology update.’’ B.E.Conway, ‘’Electrochemical Supercapacitors’’, chemical industry press. IEEE transactions on industry applications, vol. 36. ‘’Transient analysis of pulsed charging in Supercapacitors’’ IEEE documentation.

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