RCR Niveau C Réanimation cardio-respiratoire SLIDE NOTES:

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1 RCR Niveau C Réanimation cardio-respiratoire SLIDE NOTES:
please insert your name as the course conductor Use this websites to get up to date figures and interesting facts to share with your participants. (i.e. heart attack, stoke, heart disease, causes of a cardiac arrest etc…) Current (Oct 2010) examples: Heart disease claimed 17.1 million lives globally last year – most heart disease is preventable. Causes of a Heart Attack Atherosclerosis – narrowing of the coronary arteries causes 90% of heart attacks

2 Plan du cours Bienvenue, présentations, tâches administratives
Notre Mission & Vision La loi du bon samaritain & questions juridiques Contraction de maladie / Dispositifs de protection Anatomie du coeur Facteurs de risque de maladies du coeur Crise cardiaque, Attaque ischémique , Angine , Crise cardiaque RCR pour les adultes Position de recouvrement RCR pour les nourrissons et l’enfant Étouffement OR Suffocation Quiz Questions / Suivi SLIDE NOTES: please insert the times for each module based on the start and end times for your course.

3 canfitpro NOTRE MISSION NOTRE VISION
Forte de l’union avec ses membres, canfitpro fournit les meilleures expériences et formations en conditionnement physique, des plus accessibles, abordables et réalisables au monde. NOTRE VISION En tant que leader mondial de l’éducation en conditionnement physique et mieux-être, canfitpro motive chaque personne à jouir d’une vie passionnée et comblée grâce à une activité physique dynamique, sécuritaire et efficace. Review the mission for Can-Fit-Pro

4 Cinq craintes communes
Faire la mauvaise chose / rendre les choses pires. Être poursuivi. Sécurité personnelle. Maladies. Composer avec du sang / des situations répugnantes. KEY POINTS: Participants can relieve some of these fears by taking first aid courses, keeping a first aid kit handy and making sure the scene is safe. How do we make things worse? (moving people, doing things we are not trained to do, do nothing?) Discuss HIV, Hep.B, Hep.C. (blood bourne pathogens) Wearing gloves, glasses, masks, etc.

5 La loi du bon samaritain
Identifiez-vous. Demandez la permission. Agissez raisonnablement. (ne pas couper, coudre ou palper) Restez avec la victime. KEY POINTS: Ontario – Bill 20, April 2001 Must ask casualty if they want us to help them, casualty’s have the right to refuse help. ( Consent ) We can help unconscious casualty’s because of implied consent. This means casualty’s who are unconscious would want us to help them in an emergency. Only do what you are trained to do, nothing more, nothing less. Don’t leave casualty till another trained rescuer takes over, or EMS arrives. ( Abandonment )

6 Questions juridiques Une fois la RCR commencée, vous devez continuer jusqu’au moment où : Il est nécessaire de quitter les lieux pour appeler aux services d’urgence (RCR pour les enfants/nourrissons) Un passant aussi compétant ou plus compétant que vous arrive et peut prendre la relève Continuer de donner les soins est impossible en toute sécurité Vous êtes épuisé et incapable de continuer If a bystander does initiate aid to a victim, they must not leave the scene unless: It is necessary, in order to activate EMS Someone with equal or higher training arrives and can take over Continuing to give aid is unsafe If the victim is a child, consent must be obtained from a parent or guardian. However, if the parent or guardian is absent, intoxicated, or delusional (or if the rescuer has a reasonable belief that they are), consent is implied. REFERENCES: Good Samaritan Law (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2006 from

7 Questions juridiques – le consentement
Il faut obtenir le consentement de la victime avant de lui donner des soins Le consentement est implicit si : La victime est inconsciente La victime a moins de 18 ans et se trouve sans parent ou tuteur La victime est intoxiquée ou délirante, ou si le secouriste croit raisonnablement que ce soit le cas Consent to provide aid is implied if the victim is unconscious If the victim is conscious and over 18yrs of age, consent to provide aid must be obtained (unless the victim is intoxicated or delusional, or the rescuer has reasonable belief they are, in which case, the courts are very forgiving. The legal phrase is “peril invites rescue”.) REFERENCES: Good Samaritan Law (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2006 from

8 Contraction de maladie / Dispositifs de protection
Les gants, les écrans protecteurs et les masques sont les dispositifs de protection les plus utilisés. Le masque facial est plus efficace que l’écran protecteur à protéger le secouriste. Disease transmission during CPR practice (during a course) has not been noted in research that began tracking in 1960 Over the last 30 years, only 15 cases of disease transmission have been noted In an effort to reduce the risk of disease transmission, the following is recommended: If you are a first aid responder at your workplace, gloves and a barrier device should be provided Barrier devices should have a one way valve to prevent the transfer of fluid from the victim to the rescuer Barrier devices and gloves should be included in all first aid kits If CPR has been performed, every effort should be made to determine if the victim had any contagious disease. In addition, medical treatment should be provided to the rescuer This same access to medical care should be provided to the victim to reduce his or her risk from exposure to the rescuer This picture depicts a face shield (top left), a face mask (top right) and gloves (bottom) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Disease Transmission and Cardiopulmonary resuscitation. (n.d.). Retrieved December 11, 2006 from

9 Le coeur humain La fonction du cœur est de faire circuler (pomper) le sang dans le corps pour lui fournir de l’oxygène et des nutriments et pour récupérer les déchets. Your heart is a muscular organ that acts like a pump to send blood throughout your body all the time. The heart: * is a muscle about the size of your fist. * weighs approximately one pound. * is located behind and slightly to the left of the breastbone * pumps about 5 liters of blood every minute, or 7000 liters of blood every day. Cycle cardiaque

10 Le cœur possède quatre chambres
Le coeur humain Le cœur possède quatre chambres Chambres de gauche Chambres de droite Atrium gauche Atrium droit Ventricule gauche Ventricule droit The upper and lower chambers are separated by walls of non-conducting tissue, which contain one-way valves to allow blood to flow between them. These heart valves also ensure the forward motion of blood. The heart is separated into right and left sides, with each side performing a unique function: * The right side of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the lungs to pick up oxygen. * The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it to the rest of the body where the oxygen is delivered to organs such as the brain and kidneys.

11 Système électrique du coeur
Le coeur humain Le circuit électrique du coeur Système électrique du coeur Nœud sino-auriculaire (SA) Faisceau internodal antérieur Faisceau internodal moyen Faisceau internodal postérieur Nœud auriculo-ventriculaire (AV) Faisceau de Bachmann Voies de conduction Branche droite du faisceau Le système électrique du cœur contrôle la synchronisation et le rythme de l’efficacité de pompage du cœur. In order for the heart to squeeze and pump blood, it needs a sort of spark plug, an electrical impulse, to start a heartbeat. The electrical impulse starts on the right side of the upper chamber in an area called the sinus node. The sinus node is the normal pacemaker of the heart and controls the heart rate. The heart normally beats faster when you are exercising or excited and it beats more slowly when you are at rest or sleeping. The impulse leaves the sinus node and travels a set path through the upper chambers, the atria, causing them to contract and squeeze blood into the lower chambers. The electrical signal then reaches the atrioventricular (AV) node. The AV node is in the middle of the heart, between the atrium and the ventricle. The signal is delayed in the AV node and then spreads through the lower chambers. The ventricles contract, sending blood throughout the body. The entire heartbeat starts again, beginning with an impulse in the sinus node.

12 Le coeur humain Des problèmes du système électrique du cœur peuvent mener à un désordre rythmique qui peut conduire à un arrêt cardiaque subit (ACS). An irregularity in the heart's electrical system is called an arrhythmia, which can cause the heart to beat too slowly (bradycardia), too fast (tachycardia), or not in sequence (asynchrony). An arrhythmia can compromise the heart's ability to pump and circulate blood through the body and brain.

13 Quel est le tueur numéro un de nord-américains ?
Cardiovascular Disease is number one. 30% of premature deaths in Canada is heart disease Cardiovascular diseases include heat attack, sudden cardiac arrest and stroke. Statistics Canada:

14 Facteurs de risque Diabète Age Hypertension Embonpoint Sexe
Hypercholestérolémie Consommation excessive d’alcool Antécédents familiaux Sédentarité Tabagisme Stress Origine ethnique AVC ou ICT antérieur This slide indicates the different risk factors for heart attack and stroke in no particular order. Show this slide in preparation of a more in depth discussion on risk factors. SUGGESTED TEACHING TIPS: Stand Up/Sit Down Game: With this list showing on the screen, have participants identify a risk factor as preventable by standing up. If they feel a risk factor is not preventable, have them sit down. The next slide will show them the correct category for each risk factor. REFERENCES: Heart and Stroke Foundation. (2006). Taking Control. [Brochure].

15 Facteurs de risque Contrôlables Incontrôlables Diabète Hypertension
Hypercholestérolémie Embonpoint Consommation excessive d’alcool Sédentarité Tabagisme Stress Incontrôlables Age Sexe Antécédents familiaux Origine ethnique AVC ou ICT antérieur This slide depicts the correct categorization for the different risk factors. If you played the game, have course participants see how many they correctly identified as preventable or not preventable. REFERENCES: Heart and Stroke Foundation. (2006). Taking Control. [Brochure].

16 Signes et symptômes d’arrêt cardiaque
Signe: Un signe est une indication objective de quelque chose qui est généralement détecté par un médecin; le médecin découvre les signes d’une maladie. Symptôme: : Un symptôme est une indication subjective de quelque chose qui d’habitude est rapporté par un malade; le malade ressent des symptômes. Discuss the definitions of signs and symptoms and the difference between the two Have participants come up with things they feel would be signs and symptoms (and which category they would fall in) for heart disease REFERENCES: Lifesaving Society. (2006). First Aid Award Guide, Training Guide for First Aid, CPR and AED Programs. Author

17 ACV & AIT Attaque ischémique
Une attaque ischémique est un événement qui menace la vie pendant laquelle une partie du cerveau ne reçoit pas suffisamment d’oxygène habituellement à cause d’un caillot de sang logé dans une artère cérébrale. Caillot de sang Explain picture to show what causes stroke. Maladie de l’artère carotide

18 ACV & AIT Signes et signaux Engourdissement. Faiblesse soudaine.
Difficulté d’élocution. Problèmes de vision. Mal de tête sévère. Étourdissement KEY POINTS: Blood flow is blocked to brain Call EMS(911) If casualty is conscious lay on back with head and shoulders slightly elevated If unconscious, assess ABC’s if breathing place in the HAINES recovery position

19 CC, angine & AC Angine: une maladie causée par le rétrécissement de l’artère coronaire. . Crise cardiaque: mort d’une partie du muscle CARDIAQUE à cause d’un manque d’oxygène. Arrêt cardiaque: arrêt complet de l‘activité cardiaque (battement). KEY POINTS: Damage to muscle is caused by a blockage to one of the coronary arteries by a build up of plaque, clots, etc. Once heart stops beating casualty is clinically dead.

20 Crise cardiaque Crise cardiaque KEY POINTS:
Caillot de sang Plaque de cholestérol Artères coronaires Muscle en santé Muscle mourant KEY POINTS: Explain the diagram showing heart attack Death of cardiac tissue and muscle.

21 Crise cardiaque P A S D E âleur nxiété Udation ouleur poitrine
ssoufflement F I N aiblesse générale indigestion ausée KEY POINTS: Activity: Give your hand a heart attack Get class to stand and raise one arm over head and tell them to open and close their fists for a minute or two; ask participants what they feel (should be similar to s/s of a heart attack), put other hand down in front of you and bring hand down beside the other (hands should be side by side), look at both hands and explain the differences between each hand Lead into signs and symptoms of heart attack.

22 Faire l’examen des lieux
Y a-t-il des dangers (verre, produits chimiques, échelle, etc.) ? Quels sont vos risques? Y a-t-il d’autres risques pour la victime ? Qu’est-ce qui s’est produit ? Combien y a-t-il de victimes ? Y a-t-il des changements sur les lieux ? Y a-t-il un DEA ou une trousse de premiers soins à proximité ? Discuss things that rescuers might be looking for should they come across a victim Utilize scenarios specific to the locations some of the class participants might be working for examples (e.g., a fitness centre). REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Supply.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

23 Vérifier l‘état de conscience
Parler fort ou crier “Ça va?” Toucher la victime, pincer les épaules Discuss the importance of checking for responsiveness Ensure participants know that when they ask victim if they are okay, it must be done in a loud, audible voice REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

24 Contacter les services d'urgence
POLICE ■ FEU ■ MÉDICAL URGENCE The subsequent slides describe what information is required in order to properly activate EMS

25 Contacter les services d'urgence
Donner au répartiteur les renseignement suivants: le nombre de victimes, leur âge, leur sexe, leur état et l’adresse de l’urgence. Rester en ligne jusqu’à ce que le répartiteur vous dise de raccrocher. Si un passant fait l’appel aux services d’urgence, demander-lui de revenir sur les lieux confirmer qu’il a appelé des secours Demander le délai approximatif avant l’arrivée du personnel paramédical. Discuss how you activate EMS (typically it is by calling 911, but often, there are other ways. E.g., universities have their own internal emergency system, remote towns may have a different emergency number) Review the key pieces of information that should be given to the EMS dispatcher Have participants practice making EMS calls, and having a bystander make the call on his or her behalf SUGGESTED TEACHING TIPS: Set up an area in the classroom that is designated as the “phone” Have participants simulate real calls by going to this area and picking up phone (a cell phone could be used as a prop for this skill) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

26 Utiliser les passants Téléphoner aux services d’urgence
Attendre le personnel paramédical Enlever des objets dangereux du lieu Éloigner les curieux Chercher du matériel (couvertures, etc.) Mettre les effets personnels de la victime en lieu sûr Noter les détails de l’incident Bystanders are often available at the scene of emergencies, and can be very helpful to the rescuer. This slide depicts some of the ways in which a bystander could be used. SUGGESTED TEACHING TIPS: Before showing the content on this slide, have participants brainstorm about different ways a bystander can assist in a rescue Have participants practice giving instructions to a partner as if they were a bystander (note if the instructions are clear, concise, and helpful to the rescue) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

27 Dégager les voies respiratoires
Basculer le tête en arrière en mettant le talon d’une main sur le front de la victime et les doigts de l’autre main sous son menton pour le soulever. Les voies respiratoires s’ouvrent lorsque la tête est basculée en arrière. The key to successful rescue breathing is a proper head tilt/chin lift Show a demonstration of a proper head tilt/chin lift, and have participants practice this skill on a partner and/or mannequin REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

28 Vérifier la respiration
Placer votre oreille à côté de la bouche et du nez de la victime pour vous permettre de sentir et d’entendre la respiration. Regarder si the thorax de la victime se relève. La respiration agonale n’est pas une respiration. Before initiating the CPR sequence, you must ensure that the victim is not breathing To do this, place your ear over the victim’s mouth and nose. Listen and feel for breath, and watch to see if the chest rises This breathing check must last a minimum of 5 seconds, but not more than 10 seconds REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

29 Compressions Placer le talon d’une main sur la poitrine de la victime . Centrer la main entre les mamelons. Placer l’autre main sur la première (pour un enfant, mettre une ou deux mains sur la partie inférieure du sternum). Pousser fort et vite (100 compressions à la minute). Compter “un et, deux et, trois et”, etc. Après chaque compression, relâcher la pression sur le thorax pour le laisser reprendre sa position de repos. Chest compressions create blood flow by increasing intrathoracic pressure and compressing the heart This blood flow that is generated delivers a small, but very important amount of oxygen and other matters to the brain and heart Compressions are most effective when performed on a hard surface Depression of the sternum (breastbone) should be about 2 inches or 5 cm for an adult and 1/3 the depth of the chest for a child The chest should return to its normal position between compressions to allow the return of blood to the heart The rate of 100 compressions every minute was established using animal studies in which it was found that the greatest success rate for CPR occurred when compressions were delivered at a rate of 80 or more per minute SUGGESTED TEACHING TIPS: Have participants get a piece of paper and draw a line on it that they think is 2 inches, or 5 cm long. This should help give them an idea of how deep a compression should be Have participants practice compressions on a mannequin while a partner counts the number of compressions being delivered over a one minute period REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

30 APPLICATION Compressions
La prise des repères pour les compressions est entre les mamelons de la victime La profondeur des compressions: 5 cm, 2 pouces Viser 100 compressions à la minute, ou un peu moins que 2 compressions à la seconde show participants how much 5cm or 2inches is on a ruler or other device Have participants practice landmarking and providing compressions on a partner or mannequin Ensure that participants know the chest must fully return to its starting position between each compression Time the class while doing compressions to ensure that they are performing them at an appropriate pace REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author. APPLICATION

31 Insufflations Pincer le nez de la victime, prendre une inspiration normale et couvrez la bouche de la victime avec votre bouche. Donner deux insufflations (souffler pendant une seconde chaque fois). Vérifier que le thorax se soulève à chaque insufflation. To provide a rescue breath, you must ensure that there is a tight seal around the victim’s mouth, either with your mouth or a barrier device Pinch the victim’s nose. This prevents the breath you provide from escaping out the nose without ever making it to the lungs The rescuer should watch the victim’s chest to ensure it rises with each breath. This will ensure that the breath is going in (no obstruction) Before providing the second breath, ensure that the chest has returned to its’ normal position REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author. Attendre que le thorax reprenne sa position normale avant de donner une autre insufflation.

32 RCR pour les adultes (Un intervenant)
Faire l’examen des lieux Vérifier l’état de conscience Obtenir de l’aide en contactant les soins d’urgence Obtenir un DEA si possible Dégagez les voies respiratoires Vérifiez la respiration Prendre ses repères et commencer les compressions Donner deux insufflations 30 compressions:2 insufflations jusqu’à ce que le personnel paramédical arrive ou la victime réagisse Review the proper sequencing of Adult CPR (One rescuer) with the participants Have them practice the entire sequence in proper order on a partner or mannequin Correct sequencing is provided below: 1)     assess environment 2)     determine unresponsiveness 3)     activate EMS (Emergency Medical System) 4)     attempt to get AED-trained responder if possible 5)     open airway 6)     check for breathing (no more than 5 sec.) 7)     landmark and begin chest compressions (30 compressions:2 breaths) 8)     depth of compressions is approximately 5 cm, or 2 inches) 9) aim for approximately 100 compressions every minute (or just under two compressions per second) provide two rescue breaths (watch for chest to rise) 11) continue with this until EMS takes over or an AED-trained responder takes over, or victim responds if victim moves, reassess and treat accordingly REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver Instructor Manual. Author.

33 Position de recouvrement
Si vous êtes convaincu que la victime n’est pas blessée à la tête ou à la colonne vertébrale, il est recommandé de la mettre en position de côté si elle est inconsciente, mais respire sans aide. Cette position est stable, vous permet de garder les voies respiratoires ouvertes, de vérifier les signes vitaux et de faire l’examen secondaire de la victime. discuss times when you would use recovery position and when you would not use recovery position You WOULD use recovery position when: victim is unconscious and breathing; victim is conscious but lightheaded; rescue breathing and/or CPR has been successful and victim begins to breathe You would NOT use the recovery position if: victim is not breathing; a head or neck injury is suspected; any other life threatening injuries exist The following explains how to place a victim in to recovery position: place victim in a semi-prone position (as long as a spinal injury is not suspected) put the arm nearest you straight out and perpendicular to the victim’s body hold palm of farthest arm and pull to place it under the victim’s ear or neck bend the knee of the far leg so it points up and pull the bent knee towards you (protecting head while rolling) rest top leg on ground in front of bottom leg to stabilize lower body position allows you to continually assess victim for any changes REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2005) American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation, 112(24) (Suppl.). Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author. Lifesaving Society. (2006). First Aid Award Guide, Training Guide for First Aid, CPR and AED Programs. Author.

34 RCR pour les enfants: Différences
Profondeur des compressions: 1/3 de la profondeur de la poitrine Se servir d’une main pour faire les compressions Donner 5 cycles de compressions et insufflations avant d’appeler les services d’urgence Child CPR is very similar to adult CPR The differences are important to note as the depth of compressions is described in relation to the size of the child as opposed to cm or inches (1/3 the depth of the chest) Because a child has a much smaller chest, it is not necessary to perform compressions using two hands. Begin landmarking as you would for an adult victim, but for a child, only use one hand to provide compressions If a child is found to be unresponsive, 5 cycles of compressions and breaths should be given before EMS is called. This differs from adult CPR in which EMS is immediately activated (note: if a bystander is available, it is always better to have EMS activated immediately by them. These guidelines apply only if a rescuer is alone) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author.

35 RCR pour les nourrissons: Differences
Frotter le pied de la victime et cliquer des doigts près de son oreille pour susciter une réaction Profondeur des compressions: 1/3 de la profondeur de la poitrine Se servir de deux doigts pour faire les compressions Couvrir la bouche et le nez de la victime avec votre bouche et donner de douces insufflations Compléter 5 cycles de compressions et insufflations et avant d’appeler les services d’urgence Infant CPR is very similar to adult CPR The differences are important to note as the depth of compressions is described in relation to the size of the infant as opposed to cm or inches (1/3 the depth of the chest) Because an infant has a much smaller chest, it is not necessary to perform compressions using two hands. The fingers of one hand often provide enough strength to compress the chest to the proper depth (landmarking is done just below the nipple line of the infant) If an infant is found to be unresponsive, 5 cycles of compressions and breaths should be given before EMS is called. This differs from adult CPR in which EMS is immediately activated (note: if a bystander is available, it is always better to have EMS activated immediately by them. These guidelines apply only if a rescuer is alone) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author.

36 Le visage change de couleur.
Étouffement Ne peut parler. Ne peut tousser. Mains au cou. Le visage change de couleur. KEY POINTS: What do choking victims look like? (look of panic, face red and hands at throat, etc) Food is most common cause of obstruction for adults Avoid talking/laughing with food in mouth Keep small objects out of reach of children Casualty may become unconscious in less than 45 seconds 4 to 6 minutes brain cells start to die At 10 minutes some permanent brain damage Activity: How long can you hold your breath?; first ask “how long do you think it takes before someone goes unconscious” (participant answers/discussion), have them all hold breath at same time while you time to see how long they last - Correct answers: 45 seconds = pass out; 4-6 minutes = organ damage; 10 minutes = irreversible damage

37 Étouffement Adulte ou enfant conscient
Déterminer le degré d’obstruction (obstruction légère ou grave) Si l’obstruction est légère, encourager la victime à tousser et rassurer-la. Si l’obstruction est grave, crier pour obtenir de l’aide, débuter le cycle de 5 tapes dans le dos et 5 poussées abdonminales jusqu’à les voies respiratoires de la victime soient dégagées ou que lavictime perde conscience Landmarks Back blows: heel of your hand between the shoulder blades of the victim abdominal thrusts, make a fist and put thumb above the belly button. Grab this fist with the other hand Here is the sequencing for Obstructed Airway Management for a Conscious Victim (Adult or Child) determine how severe the obstruction is if mild, encourage coughing and reassure victim if severe, shout for help, start cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until airway is clear, or victim becomes unconscious (see steps for unconscious victim, but begin at step #3) **NOTE: If the rescuer is unable to get his or her arms around a victim due to either obesity or pregnancy, back blows (with victim leaning forward) and chest thrusts, such as those performed during CPR should be provided** Have participants practice obstructed airway management on a mannequin or partner Activity: Partner Role Play; Partner 1 leaves the room while partner 2 is given a chocking scenario from PRO TRAINER (i.e. pregnant, wheel chair, mild vs severe etc…) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author.

38 Étouffement Adulte ou enfant inconscient Vérifier l’état de conscience
Faire l’examen des lieux Faire appel aux services d’urgence Demander un DEA ou un secouriste compétant en l’usage du DEA, si possible Dégager les voies respiratoires Vérifier la respiration Prendre les repères et donner 30 compressions Regarder dans la bouche pour voir si l’objet est débloqué (L’enlever seulement s’il est visible) Essayer de donner une insufflation , si le premier essai ne réussit pas, repositionnez la tête et donnez une 2ème insufflation Répéter jusqu’à ce que l’objet soit expulsé ou le personnel paramédical arrive Have participants practice obstructed airway management on a mannequin or partner REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author.

39 Étouffement : Nourrisson
Conscient à inconscient Déterminer le degré d’obstruction Donner 5 tapes dans le dos avec le talon de la main et ensuite faire 5 poussées thoraciques en utilisant deux doigts Continuer jusqu’à ce que l’objet soit expulsé ou jusqu’à ce que la victime perde conscience Si la victime perd conscience, commencer la RCR pour les nourrissons have participants practice infant choking on a doll or mannequin Landmarking for chest thrusts is the same as that for infant CPR Here is the proper sequencing for Obstructed Airway Management for a Conscious Victim (Infant) determine how severe the obstruction is perform 5 back blows followed by 5 chest thrusts continue until obstruction is removed or victim becomes unconscious (see steps for unconscious victim, but begin at chest compressions) If victim regains consciousness and/or breathing, direct caregiver to take victim to physician Note: if infant becomes unconscious, follow steps for infant CPR beginning at chest compressions) REFERENCES: American Heart Association. (2006). Heartsaver AED Student Workbook. Author. Canadian Red Cross. (2001). Basic Life Support CPR/AED. [Brochure]. Author.

40 RCR Quiz Be sure to allow ample time at the end of the course to answer any questions participants may have This is also a good time to review any areas that you feel need extra attention

41 Questions ? Commentaires ?
Be sure to allow ample time at the end of the course to answer any questions participants may have This is also a good time to review any areas that you feel need extra attention

42 SVP remplir les formulaires d'évaluation et les passer au PRO FORMATEUR avant de quitter.
Ensure that all participants were given an evaluation form Have them fill out this form and return to you (important, as you must submit these with your invoice in order to be paid for the course) Once evaluation forms have been returned, hand out course completion certificates

43 Merci Be sure to thank all participants for their time
Stay after class to be available to answer any questions Have additional canfitpro material with you should any participants be interested in other certification courses