Égypte À la fin tu seras en mesure de démontrer ta compréhension de la façon dont l’isolement de l’Égypte entre deux déserts a affecté son développement.

Présentation au sujet: "Égypte À la fin tu seras en mesure de démontrer ta compréhension de la façon dont l’isolement de l’Égypte entre deux déserts a affecté son développement."— Transcription de la présentation:

1 Égypte À la fin tu seras en mesure de démontrer ta compréhension de la façon dont l’isolement de l’Égypte entre deux déserts a affecté son développement

2 Pourquoi la civilisation égyptienne est-elle apparue dans la vallée du Nil?

3 http://www. ancientegypt. co. uk/staff/resources/discussions/d02/home
The geography and climate of ancient Egypt are unique. Egypt is situated in the northeast corner of the African continent, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea. Most of the land of ancient Egypt was barren desert. However, a narrow strip of fertile land on the banks of the Nile river made it possible for life to be sustained on the land there. This is why the Greek writer Herodotus called Egypt the ‘gift of the river'. The yearly flooding and receding of the Nile determined how people lived in ancient Egypt. The land on the banks of the river was devoted to fields where crops were grown. During the flood season, this land was under water. When the flood waters receded, a layer of rich, mineral enriched black silt was left on these fields, leaving them ready to support another crop. This is why the ancient Egyptians did not need to add fertilizer to their land, as they do today. The bulk of the population lived on the edge of the fertile land and the desert for two reasons. The first reason was so their homes would not be left under water during the flood. People lived in homes made from mudbricks (a mixture of mud and reeds that was moulded into bricks and left to harden in the sun). Since it hardly ever rained in ancient Egypt, the danger of disintegration of the mudbrick during a rainstorm was minimal. However, if a house of mudbricks was covered with water for weeks it would not survive. The second reason for living on the edge of the desert was so the maximum amount of fertile land could be used for planting crops. Since the construction of the Aswan High Dam in the 1960's, the interaction between people and the land in Egypt has changed dramatically. The Dam has ceased the yearly flooding of the Nile river downstream of Aswan. This has meant that the fields are no longer replenished by the silt from the flood. Farmers now need to use fertilizers to enrich the soil so it can be used for growing.

4 Carte du CD occident en 12 événements

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13 Nil Bleu

14 Nil Blanc

15 Les Deux Nils se rencontrent en Soudan

16 Plaine Alluviale

17 Plaine Alluviale The low strip of fertile land located on either side of the Nile River The river flooded during the annual inundation When the inundation subsided, it left the earth soaked and overlaid with a fresh layer of black silt. Most of the farming occurred here

18 Delta du Nil Located in northern Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and empties into the Mediterranean Sea 240 km of coastline, 106 km in length Rich agricultural region Most fertile soil in Africa

19 Bordered on the south, east and west by the Sahara Desert, and on the north by the sea, ancient Egypt was protected from outside influences.

20 Sahara

21 Faits Longueur 6500 km (avec le fleuve Amazone le plus longue fleuve du monde 6500 aussi) issue de la rencontre du Nil Blanc et Nil Bleu à Khartoum (Capitale de Soudan actuel) Nil Blanc prend sa source du lac Victoria (Ouganda, Kenya, Tanzanie) Nil Bleu prend sa source du lac Tana (Éthiopie) Le fleuve coule du sud au nord et se jette dans la Mer Méditerranée. Origine du Nom Mot grec Neilos, qui veut dire « Vallée de la Rivière »

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