Légistique suisse et européenne

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Transcription de la présentation:

Légistique suisse et européenne 9 – La mise en œuvre : le rôle des émotions dans le respect des lois Prof. Frédéric Varone et Alexandre Flückiger Université de Genève 2008-2009

Plan I – Le respect des lois II – Le rôle des émotions III- Le rôle des techniques de manipulation IV - Conclusions

I – Un mystère: le respect des lois “D’où vient cette singulière habitude de respecter les lois, auxquelles seuls quelques "anormaux" n’obéissent que contraints ? » Hard law Nature juridique obligatoire Exemples Constitutions Lois Ordonnances Soft law non obligatoire Recommandations Déclarations Gentlemen’s agreement Information

Un plus grand mystère (pour un juriste…): le respect de la soft law “In some instances, compliance with non-binding norms and instruments is extremely good and probably would not have been better if the norms were contained in a binding text” exemple:

II - Le rôle des émotions La définition des émotions est multiple ne s’oppose pas à la « raison » L’émotion est au service du respect du droit, qu’il soit hard ou soft La lecture psychologique est une approche complémentaire aux analyses traditionnelles politologiques, sociologiques ou économiques

La figure d’autorité

La peur “The organ donor was not dead” “The Surgeons nearly fainted: a man whose heart wasn’t beating for an hour and a half and on which they wanted to retrieve organs woke up.” Le Temps / Le Monde

La honte et culpabilité “The worst thing is that selfishness and indifference exacerbates the lack of organs. Many eagerly awaited organs are burned in crematorium or are rotting in cemeteries because their owners have failed to think about their death” L’illustré

La joie/ l’empathie “Twins operated in Geneva returning to Bucharest Thank you, daddy Morel L’Illustré

La surprise “Who survives?” “Netherland announced a TV-show, in which three patients, waiting for a kidney, are competing for a kidney of a terminally ill patient.”

La surprise (II) “The show was a Hoax!” “No kidney donation is going to take place. The donor was an actress!”

III – le rôle des techniques de manipulation Les théories de l’engagement Le pied-dans-la-porte La porte-au-nez L’amorçage Le leurre La dissonance cognitive Les effets de l’obligation de motiver Les effets de contexte L’effet de contraste L’effet de compromis

Hermann Ebbinghaus 

IV - Conclusions Susciter l’émotion est classiquement utilisé pour aider à la mise en oeuvre du hard law Émotions négatives Émotions positives peut être efficace pour influencer le comportement sans utiliser le hard law peut toutefois violer des principes juridiques