French 1101 Chapitre Un

Grammaire 1 Pour parler de nos activités Les verbes du premier groupe en -er / Le pronom sujet on / La négation / Les pronoms disjoints

Les verbes du premier groupe en -er Verbs in French are grouped according to the ending of their infinitive. In Vocabulaire 1 of this chapter, you learned the meaning of several -er verbs. Now you will learn the different forms of the verbs in this group.

Pronoms sujets - French Subject Pronouns The subject of a sentence is the person or thing which performs the action. Subject pronouns replace this person or thing. You must understand subject pronouns before you begin conjugating verbs, as the form of verbs changes for each one. The subject of a sentence is the person or thing which performs the action. Subject pronouns replace this person or thing. You must understand subject pronouns before you begin conjugating verbs, as the form of verbs changes for each one. verbs

Les Pronoms sujets Singular Plural Singular Plural 1st person je I nous we jenousjenous 2nd person tu you vous you tuvoustuvous 3rd person il he,it ils they elle she,it elles they on one 3rd person il he,it ils they elle she,it elles they on one ililselleellesonililselleelleson

Regular -ER Verbs Les verbes du premier groupe: Aimer to like or to love Arriver to arrive or to happen Chanter to sing Chercher to look for Danser to dance Demander to ask for Détester to hate Donner to give Écouter to listen to Étudier to study Jouer to play manger* to eat nager* to swim Parler to talk or to speak Regarder to watch or to look at Rêver to dream Skier to ski Travailler to work Trouver to find Visiter to visit (a place)

The verb form that ends in -er is called the infinitive (in English, the infinitive is the verb preceded by the word "to"). -er is the infinitive ending. The verb without the -er is called the stem or radical. To conjugate an -er verb, remove the infinitive ending and then add the appropriate endings, as follows:

Singular Plural Singular Plural 1st person je -e nous -ons 2nd person tu -es vous -ez 3rd person il -e ils -ent

Parler: Jeparlenous parlons Tuparlesvousparlez Ilparleilsparlent

While -er verbs have five different written forms (the forms for je, il/elle/on and Ils/elles are identical), there are only three distinguishable spoken forms: 1) travaille / travailles / travaillent (same pronunciation) 2) travaillons and 3) travaillez

In English, the present tense can be expressed in three ways. In French, these meanings are expressed with a single verb.

Examples: Nous parlons français en classe. Elle regarde souvent la télé. Nous mangeons souvent au resto. Les étudiants travaillent bien. Vous étudiez tout le temps. Tu voyages rarement en groupe. Je nage le matin

Sometimes two verbs can be used together to express an idea. In these cases, the first verb is conjugated and the second verb is in the infinitive form. Some common verbs that can be followed by an infinitive are adorer, aimer, aimer mieux, and détester. –J’aime étudier le français. I like to study French. –Nous détestons danser. We hate to dance.

Opinions: –Using the cues provided, tell what you like or dislike doing and tell why by using these adjectives: –Exemple: français/facile J’aime étudier le français. Je trouve ça facile. 1.Regarder/ intéressant 2.Histoire/ ennuyeux 3.Voyager/ agréable 4.Maths/ difficile 5.Anglais/ facile 6.Campus/ agréable 7.Travailler/ désagréable

La Forme Négative Subject + ne + verb + pas Je ne parle pas anglais. Il n’aime pas les sports. Subject + ne + verb + jamais Nous ne regardons jamais la télé.

Les pronoms disjoints You have already learned subject pronouns in French (je, tu, il, nous, etc). Another category of pronouns is called les pronoms disjoints (stressed pronouns).

Les pronoms disjoints are used after prepositions and conjunctions such as et, mais (but), à or de. –Alex et toi, vous étudiez ce soir? Alex and you, you’re studying tonight? –Coralie est française mais pas moi. Coralie is French but not me. –Moi, je suis américaine. Me, I’m American. –Je pense beaucoup à elles. I think about them (fem. pl.) a lot.

Stressed pronouns are also used after c’est and ce sont. –C’est Marc? Oui, c’est lui. –Ce sont M. et Mme Tremblay? Oui, ce sont eux.

Grammaire 2 Pour donner des descriptions Les adverbes / Les adjectifs irréguliers

Les adverbes You have already encountered some adverbs in Chapitre préliminaire. You will see them again in this chapter plus additional adverbs that will help you be more precise when giving descriptions and talking about activities.

Adverbs of intensity

Adverbs of Frequency

Adjective Agreement NOUNGENDER? Masculinefeminine number?number? Singular plural singular plural

un homme des hommes une femme des femmes riche riches riche riches fatigué fatigués fatiguée fatiguées blond blonds blonde blondes sportif sportifs sportive sportives heureux heureux heureuse heureuses intellectuel intellectuels intellectuelle intellectuelles français français française françaises italien italiens italienne italiennes Link

Les adjectifs irréguliers

La Forme Interogative Intonation: Tu regardes la télé? Est-ce que: Est-ce que tu regardes la télé? N’est-ce pas?: Tu regardes la télé n’est-ce pas?

L’heure TTTT iiii mmmm eeee L L L L '''' HHHH eeee uuuu rrrr eeee Quelle heure est-il?

Grammaire 3 Pour parler de nos horaires et de nos possessions Le verbe avoir

Avoir is an irregular verb that is used to express possession. You have already seen some of the forms of this verb in the Chapitre préliminaire and this chapter. Here are all the forms of the present tense of avoir.

Le verbe avoir Exemples Nous avons un cours de français à 10 heures. –We have a French class at 10 o’clock. Est-ce que tu as un stylo? –Do you have a pen? J’ai un cours le mardi et le jeudi. –I have a class Tuesdays and Thursdays

Le verbe avoir The indefinite articles un, une, and des becomes de (d’ before a vowel sound) in negative sentences with avoir as well as with many other verbs. Tu as une calculatrice? –Do you have a calculator? Je n’ai pas de calculatrice. –I don’t have a calculator. Anne a un ordinateur. –Anne has a computer.

Le verbe avoir The definite article (le, la, l’, les) does not change in negative sentences. Vous avez le livre de biologie? –Do you have the biology book? Non, je n’ai pas le livre. –Non, I don’t have the book. Avoir is also used to express age. J’ai 18 ans. –I am 18 years old. Ils ont 21 ans. –They are 21 years old.

Le verbe avoir Many common expressions in French also use the verb avoir.

Exemples: J’ai besoin d’une agrafeuse. – I need a stapler. Nous avons besoin d’étudier. –We need to study. Tu as de la chance! –You are lucky! Il n’a pas envie de travailler. –He does not feel like working.

Elle a peur de dépenser de l’argent. –She is afraid to spend money. Ils ont très sommeil. –They are very sleepy. Tu as raison mais moi, j’ai tort. –You are right, but, me, I’m wrong. Elle a peur de parler français. –She is afraid to speak French.

The expression avoir peur de may be followed by a noun. Note that de must combine with definite articles (le, la, l’, les) in the following ways.

Les Noms Et les Articles Indefinite Articles - Articles indéfinis Indefinite Articles - Articles indéfinis Definite Articles - Articles définis Definite Articles - Articles définis