Les analyseurs différentiels 15 juin 2004
simples simples Analyseurs différentiels (n ≥ 2) composés composés Intégraphes (n = 1)
Johann Martin Hermann 1814 angle élémentaire de rotation de la roulette = angle total de rotation de la roulette =
Tito Gonnella 1825 Kaspar Wetli 1849
James Thomson 1876
Bruno Abdank- Abakanowicz 1878
« L’histoire du calcul débute avec l’apparition des systèmes de numération et l’invention du zéro, elle se poursuit avec la conception des premières machines à calculer mécaniques et électro-mécaniques, puis aboutit enfin aux machines électroniques. » 2004
William Thomson Vannevar Bush Douglas Hartree
« Bush and his associates had a three-pronged program in mind [...]. This program was carried out in the period from 1927 through 1942 and was quite successful. Perhaps its only defect was that it committed the engineers at MIT to the analog point of view to the exclusion of the digital one for many years. » 1972
« From the late 1940s until the 1970s, in the world of computing, analogue technology was a genuine alternative to digital and the two competing technologies ran parallel with each other. During this period, a community of engineers, scientists, academics and businessmen continued to develop and promote the analogue computer. At the height of the Cold War, this community and its technology saw considerable success in meeting the urgent demand for high-speed computing in the design and simulation of rockets, aircraft and manned space vehicles. » 2003
Maxwell W. Thomson (Glasgow) 1876 (n) Bush (Cambridge, MA) (6) Hartree (Manchester-Cambridge) (4) (5) (8) J. Thomson Planimètres à disque continentaux av. 1850
Leonardo Torres Quevedo 1901
Ernesto Pascal : Ernesto Pascal : U. Knorr : U. Knorr : Wilfried de Beauclair : Wilfried de Beauclair : David Milton Myers : David Milton Myers : 1939
Intégraphe d’Abdank-Abakanowicz 1878 Torres (Madrid) 1901 (n) Pascal (Naples) (2) Beauclair (Darmstadt) (2) Knorr (Berlin) (2) Myers (Sydney) 1939 (2) Maxwell W. Thomson (Glasgow) 1876 (n) Bush (Cambridge, MA) (6) Hartree (Manchester-Cambridge) (4) (5) (8) J. Thomson Planimètres à disque continentaux av. 1850
« After the establishment of the Academy and a period when German and Latin were the languages of Russian science [...], all Russian society had turned to French. This was the reason [...] of Krylov’s French descriptions of his mechanical integrator in » 2001
Aleksei Nikolaevich Krylov
le multiplicateur
l’égaliseur
Intégraphe d’Abdank-Abakanowicz 1878 Torres (Madrid) 1901 (n) Pascal (Naples) (2) Beauclair (Darmstadt) (2) Knorr (Berlin) (2) Myers (Sydney) 1939 (2) Maxwell W. Thomson (Glasgow) 1876 (n) Bush (Cambridge, MA) (6) Hartree (Manchester-Cambridge) (4) (5) (8) J. Thomson Planimètres à disque continentaux av Krylov (Saint-Pétersbourg) 1904 (4)
Albert A. Michelson Samuel W. Stratton Analyseur harmonique à 80 termes 1898
Josiah Willard Gibbs 1899
Henry W. Nieman 1827 torque amplifier
Intégraphe d’Abdank-Abakanowicz 1878 Torres (Madrid) 1901 (n) Pascal (Naples) (2) Beauclair (Darmstadt) (2) Knorr (Berlin) (2) Myers (Sydney) 1939 (2) Maxwell W. Thomson (Glasgow) 1876 (n) Bush (Cambridge, MA) (6) Hartree (Manchester-Cambridge) (4) (5) (8) J. Thomson Planimètres à disque continentaux av Krylov (Saint-Pétersbourg) 1904 (4) Michelson-StrattonNieman
Intégraphe d’Abdank-Abakanowicz 1878 Torres (Madrid) 1901 (n) Pascal (Naples) (2) Beauclair (Darmstadt) (2) Knorr (Berlin) (2) Myers (Sydney) 1939 (2) Maxwell W. Thomson (Glasgow) 1876 (n) Bush (Cambridge, MA) (6) Hartree (Manchester-Cambridge) (4) (5) (8) Massey (Belfast) 1938 (4) Rosseland (Oslo) (12) Bruk (Leningrad) 1940 (6) Sauer-Pösch (Berlin) (?) ? (Danzig) 1943 (?) J. Thomson Planimètres à disque continentaux av Wood (Birmingham) 1938 (6) Divers appareils aux États-Unis (10) (14) Krylov (Saint-Pétersbourg) 1904 (4) Michelson-StrattonNieman Walther (Darmstadt) (4) Beard (?) 1940 (6)