Antony, Dumas. First phase of Romanticism The trauma of the French Revolution An aristocratic movement In reaction to Enlightenment values Opposition.

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Transcription de la présentation:

Antony, Dumas

First phase of Romanticism The trauma of the French Revolution An aristocratic movement In reaction to Enlightenment values Opposition to the classical forms of literary expressions

Under the Restauration Split between Romantics and royalists A generation with blocked prospects A new Romanticism is called for On the side of the people and liberty Power struggle between king and government 27, 28, 29 July 1830: les Trois Glorieuses, insurrection, Charles X abdicates, replaced by Louis-Philippe d’Orleans

‘C’est le principe de liberté qui vient renouveler l’art comme il a renouvelé la société.’ (Hugo)

Alexandre Dumas père Mainly known for his novels, Les Trois Mousquetaires, La Reine Margot, Le Comte de Monte-Cristo Theatre neglected despite 91 plays Plan with his friend Hugo to take over the Théâtre-Français to have a stage for romantic drama, but does not come to fruition

The play 3 May 1831 Marie Dorval as Adèle, Bocage as Antony Departure from melodrama Uncomfortable ending

Historical plays Reflection on history Historical plays to show a glorious and united French nation Romantic historical plays not consensual Much darker and critical portrayal of politics and power 1829: Henri III et sa cour, Dumas

‘O grands secrets soigneusement enfermés dans les arcanes de l’histoire, que vous êtes petits quand la main du chroniqueur vous fait paraître nus et sans voiles aux regards du public !’ (Les grands hommes en robe de chambre, Dumas)

Drame en habits noirs Contemporary drama Opposition from Hugo ‘Parlez-nous plus bas, parlez-nous de nous-mêmes, couvrez vos personnages d’un masque que nous connaissions tous ; descendez dans notre vie de tous les jours, foulez aux pieds les chroniques, les manteaux des rois’ (L’Entracte) ‘Surtout nous voulons des peintures d’actualité. Nous croyons la société moderne assez caractéristique par ses mœurs, sa politique, sa religion, pour valoir la peine d’être étudiée et de servir de modèle au peintre comme à l’historien.’ (Le Rénovateur)

‘L’ordre social, l’action de la société sur l’individu, dans les diverses phases et aux diverses époques, ce réseau d’institutions et de conventions qui nous enveloppe dès notre naissance et ne se rompt qu’à notre mort, sont des ressorts tragiques qu’il ne faut que savoir manier. Ils sont tout à fait équivalents à la fatalité des anciens ; leur poids a tout ce qui était invincible et oppressif dans cette fatalité ; les habitudes qui en découlent, l’insolence, la dureté frivole, l’incurie obstinée, ont tout ce que cette fatalité avait de désespérant et de déchirant : si vous représentez avec vérité cet état de choses, l’homme des temps modernes frémira de ne pouvoir s’y soustraire, comme celui des temps anciens frémissait sous la puissance mystérieuse et sombre à laquelle il ne lui était pas permis d’échapper, et notre public sera plus ému de ce combat de l’individu contre l’ordre social qui le dépouille ou qui le garrotte que d’Œdipe poursuivi par le Destin ou d’Oreste par les Furies.’ (Réflexions sur la tragédie, Benjamin Constant).

Representing contemporary mediocrity Use of space on stage Illusion of being in someone’s living room Antony Act IV: ‘Un boudoir chez la vicomtesse de Lacy ; au fond à gauche, une porte ouverte donnant sur un salon élégant préparé pour un bal’.