du cancer localisé de la prostate HIFU TECHNOLOGY POWERED BY EDAP

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1 du cancer localisé de la prostate HIFU TECHNOLOGY POWERED BY EDAP
Ablatherm® Le traitement HIFU du cancer localisé de la prostate HIFU TECHNOLOGY POWERED BY EDAP

2 LA PRODUCTION D’ONDES ULTRASONORES
 Technologie Le transducteur plan Les ondes ultrasonores sont générées par les vibrations électromécaniques du transducteur + + + Pression acoustique - - - Ultrasound wave emission is based on transducer vibration. Alternation of positive and negative electrical voltage on both sides of the transducer results in alternation of transducer thickness ( dilatation and contraction ) and therefore acoustical pressure in the coupling medium. This acoustical pressure creates tissue movement (dilatation and contraction) which amplitude is directly related to the pressure level. As the tissue response is not perfectly elastic, energy is lost and converted into heat (hand clapping also creates temperature elevation in the same way). The heat is homogeneously distributed along the ultrasound path if the transducer is not focussed. Transmission tissulaire Échauffement tissulaire

3 ONDES ULTRASONORES FOCALISEES
 Technologie Générateur d’ondes ultrasonores focalisées Pression acoustique By using spherical shaped transducer, the ultrasound beam is concentrated on the transducer focus point, resulting in a maximum of pressure concentrated at this point. As tissue heating is directly related to pressure maximum, the lesion is formed at the transducer focus. Échauffement tissulaire Plus de 85°C

4 FORMATION DE LA LESION TISSULAIRE
 Technologie Effets thermiques Simulation de température INSERM U556 + Effets de cavitation Technologie HCI HIFU à Cavitation Induite + Temps de tir Simulation dose thermale INSERM U556 = Lésion tissulaire 3L/4 L/4 D The “thermal dose” is the total energy absorbed by the tissue. It can be defined as a combination of the temperature of the tissue and the time of exposure. When it overpasses a determined threshold, the thermal dose can cause the death of tissue cells. For example 43°C during 120 min or 56°C during 1 sec can produce similar irreversible tissue lesions. The tissue temperature increase is due to the normal ultrasound energy absorption by the tissue (Thermal effect). Due to high negative pressure alternation very small air bubbles are formed in front of the transducer focus (Cavitation effect). These bubbles helps to absorb more acoustical energy and to increase the tissue heating. Thanks to the unique Ablatherm® HIC (HIFU Induced Cavitation) technology, each shot creates a large and reproducible lesion which spans from the anterior to the posterior prostate capsula. These air bubbles are preferentially formed in front of the transducer focus explaining the non symmetrical lesion positioning with respect to the transducer focus. The lesion extension is about 3/4 in front of the transducer focus and 1/4 beyond. The principle of thermal dose also explains why the lesion starts at the transducer focus (where the temperature is maximum) and progresses toward the transducer during the firing sequence. Lésion L = 24 mm max D = 1.7 mm

5 Le repérage précis de la lésion préserve les tissus environnants
POSITION DU TRANSDUCTEUR  Technologie Le repérage précis de la lésion préserve les tissus environnants To treat the prostate, the transducer is previously covered with a balloon filled with coupling liquid. Then it is inserted into the patient’s rectum and positioned close to the rectum wall in such a way that the base of the biological lesion stops close to the prostate capsula. The transducer movements allow to accurately position the focal point and to define the appropriate lesion depth (Dynamic Focusing) to match the prostate shape. This precise positioning prevents from any rectal wall damage.

6 Simulation de traitement
REPARTITION DES TIRS DANS LA PROSTATE  Technologie Chaque tir produit une salve d’ultrasons d’une durée de 5 sec. Le volume est très petit : mm de long sur 1.7 mm de diamètre. La tête de tir se déplace jusqu’à ce que tout le volume repéré soit traité. Contiguous shots are delivered repeatedly to obtain a complete treatment of the whole gland in a short time, while preserving the rectal wall and the surrounding tissues. Simulation de traitement

7 HISTORIQUE DU PROJET ABLATHERM
1989 : Développement de la technologie et expérimentation sur des reins de rats 1990 : Traitement du cancer : faisabilité sur des tumeurs de Dunning 1991 : Traitement endorectal : faisabilité sur la prostate de chien 1992 : Évaluation de l’absence de nocivité du traitement sur l’adénome de la prostate 1993 : Évaluation de l’efficacité du traitement sur le cancer de la prostate 1995 : Amélioration des procédures de sécurité 1996 : Étude multicentrique Européenne 2000 : Marquage CE Ablatherm® Historique The development of the ABLATHERM® is the result of a long and serious investigation process. From 1989 to 1991, different animal trials were performed in order to prove the safety and the efficacy of the method. During this period, several developments were achieved in order to get the transducer technology best fitted with the human anatomy, and to start human trials. Human trials started in 1992 using prototype devices. During this period, the HIFU treatment procedure was improved and finalized, always according to good clinical practices. In 1996, after several enhancements on the device safety and efficacy, a European Multicentric Study was performed. Finally, the CE mark was the result of 10 years of research and investigations.

8 Marquage CE Ablatherm® en 2000

9 DESCRIPTION DU MATERIEL
Générateurs d’ultrasons Système d’imagerie et de tir Ordinateur Electronique et sécurités + consommable Sonde endorectale Refroidissement Moteurs Table de traitement Interface utilisateur Module de Commande Module de Traitement Module de sonde  Équipement The Ablatherm is made of three modules: - The command module with a computer and its complete equipment package. The computer is the principal user interface used to perform the treatment. Its friendly user interface makes it very easy to command the treatment and the probe modules. -The treatment module is mobile with all the electronics associated to the device embedded inside. This integrated system provides also a support for the patient. - The probe module is an endorectal probe with a electrical piezo therapy transducer and an ultrasound biplane imaging probe.

10 LA SONDE ENDO RECTALE Position d’échographie Position de tir
 Équipement Le générateur d’ ultrasons (focalisé à 40 mm, fonctionne à 3 MHz) et la sonde d’échographie biplan de 7,5 MHz sont introduite dans un ballon de latex rempli de liquide de refroidissement (AblasonicTM).

11 POSITIONNEMENT DE LA SONDE
Position d’échographie Le volume prostatique ciblé est repéré par une sonde d’échographie bi-plan.  Équipement Position de tir Les salves d’ultrasons haute énergie sont focalisées à travers la paroi rectale jusqu’au volume de tissu prostatique ciblé. Animation d'images

12 Principales étapes du traitement
Préparation sonde (Consommable Ablapak®) Installation du patient (Immobilisation) Localisation de la Prostate (Identification apex) - Imagerie longitudinale et transversale Traitement (Contrôles de la sécurité) Retrait du patient Nettoyage de la sonde et désinfection  Traitement

13 INSTALLATION DU PATIENT (IMMOBILISATION)
Patient placé en position de décubitus lateral droit Détecteur des mouvements du patient Infra-rouges Réflecteur Patient Indicateur  Traitement

14 PROCEDURES DE SECURITE
Puissance de tir Position de la sonde Mouvements du patient Distance par rapport à la paroi rectale Température  Traitement After each shot, the probe rotates in order to aim at the next lesion area. The system waits 5 seconds in order for the cavitation phenomenon to decrease, then a burst of ultrasound waves is applied during 5 seconds. Before each shot, the rectum position is detected with a A mode probe placed at the center on the therapy transducer. This detection prevents from rectal wall damage due to any kind of movement. The temperature of the cooling fluid inside the rectum is continuously calculated, in order to prevent from any damage of the rectum due to a warming of the rectal wall. Animation de l'image

15 IRM AU DEUXIEME JOUR APRES ABLATHERM®
L’IRM montre des zones de tissu nécrotique. La région traitée est hypodense entourée par une couronne de 6 à 8 mm qui prend le produit de contraste.  Effets MRI examinations performed early after the HIFU treatment provide a qualitative assessment of the necrosis. Indeed, MRI imaging allows the visualization of the treated volume as demonstrated in a clinical trial: after gadolinium injection, the treated area appears as an hypo-intense area and a surrounding 6-8 mm ring of contrast enhancement. Biopsies taken in the ring evidence also a complete necrosis in this ring.

16 TRANSFORMATIONS TISSULAIRES
Destruction complète du tissu glandulaire due à la lésion (nécrose de coagulation) qui atteind la capsule et la graisse periprostatique Le tissu prostatique nécrosé est remplacé par du tissu fibrosé (incluant la capsule) 48 heures  Effets For a qualitative assessment of the tissue damages, histologic examination were performed at different times after HIFU. So, immediately after the HIFU treatment, biopsies evidenced a complete coagulation necrosis in the treated area. Later, after 3 months, fibrosis is replacing the necrotic tissue. 3 mois

17 EVOLUTION DU PSA APRES ABLATHERM®
250 1 Session HIFU 200 Réponse complète après une session HIFU PSA, Nadir atteint après 3 mois Dernier PSA 0.2 ng/ml 150 PSA (ng/ml) Biopsies Négatives  Effets 100 50 Here, an example of the PSA evolution after a single treatment session (complete treatment of the gland) Elevated PSA level before the treatment PSA Peak immediately after the session Nadir PSA obtained 3 months after the treatment Low (< 1ng/ml) and stable follow-up PSA level m-93 m-94 m-95 m-96 m-97 m-98 m-99 date

18 POSSIBILITES DE RETRAITEMENTS
50 45 2 Sessions HIFU Dernier PSA 40 1er traitement partiel, avec ré-ascension secondaire du PSA Retraitement HIFU 0,3 ng/ml 35 0 ng/ml Biopsies Positives 30 Biopsies Négatives 25 PSA (ng/ml) 20  Effets 15 10 Here is an example of the PSA evolution after a partial treatment of the gland at the first session , with a need for a second session Elevated PSA level before the treatment PSA Peak immediately after the first session Nadir PSA obtained within 3 months after the 1st session and showing a residual PSA level Rising PSA level following the Nadir : indication for a 2nd treatment session Then, low and stable follow-up PSA level. 5 nov-95 nov-96 nov-97 nov-98 Date

19 EFFETS CLINIQUES Avec l’ABLATHERM® :
On obtient une nécrose complète de la tumeur prostatique traitée sans lésions des tissus environnants et sans altération de la qualité de vie On a une évaluation rapide de l’efficacité du traitement ( Nadir du PSA, biopsies de contrôle). On peut répéter le traitement car il n’y a pas de limitation de dose d’ exposition aux ultrasons.  Effets The targeted volume can be precisely defined, and the treatment leads to a complete necrosis in these areas without damaging of the surrounding tissues An early evaluation of the treatment efficacy is possible, with a nadir PSA obtained within 3 months Since no maximum dose exists, HIFU treatment can be repeated if needed.

20 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU  Résultats In order to have an opinion on a new treatment, based on facts and not only on feeling, the urologist needs information: from a large number of patients: this information is provided by the results of the European Multicentric Study, with the 559 patients included from Nov to Nov from the long-term follow-up: Dr Albert Gelet (Lyon, France) was involved in the clinical development since the first pilot study. His own cohort of patients includes therefore patients treated from 1993 in the prostate cancer indication. Of course, since 1993, the device was dramatically optimized, for efficacy as well as for safety. As a consequence, the results described in Albert Gelet papers, even if very satisfactory, could be considered as a “worst-case scenario”, better results being observed with the current treatment parameters. Information on the efficacy expected with the current treatment parameters is provided with the results from Munich. Indeed, Munich is the site with the higher patients recruitment. Therefore, Drs C. Chaussy and S. Thuroff have a sufficient number of patients treated with the current treatment parameters in order to provide relevant results. Similarly, the tolerance expected with the current device, including all the safety features, and used according to the standard procedure was described in a Munich team’s publication.

21 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU Ref: C. Chaussy, S. Thüroff, G. Vallancien, W. Wieland, H.J. Kiel, A. Le Duc, F. Desgranchamps, J. de la Rosette, A. Gelet HIFU for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer: Efficacy Results of the European Multicentric Study The Journal Of Urology, May 2001, Vol. 165, 5:388  Résultats

22 ETUDE MULTICENTRIQUE EUROPEENNE
Patients inclus de 1995 à 1999, dans 6 sites Européens: A. Gelet, Lyon - France C. Chaussy, S. Thüroff, Münich - Germany W. Wieland, H.J. Kiel, Regensburg - Germany G. Vallancien, Paris - France A. Le Duc, F. Desgranchamps, Paris - France J. de la Rosette, Nijmegen - The Netherlands  Résultats From 1995 to 1999, the so-called European Multicentric Study was carried out in six different sites. In total, 559 patients were included during this 4 year period. In fact, the recruitment was very low during the first two years, then progressively increased, and there was a very high recruitment rate in Therefore, it is a big cohort, but with a relatively short mean follow-up duration (50 % of the patients were followed one year or less, and 50 % more than one year, but up to 4 years for the first patients included in this study). During the course of this study, 4 prototypes generations were used: 1) 2.25 MHz, 4 seconds for the shot duration 2) < 3MHz,  4.5 sec. 3) 3 MHz, 4.5 sec. 4) 3MHz, 5 sec. It was statistically demonstrated that the evolution of the technical parameters was accompanied with an improvement of the efficacy performances. In parallel, the safety features were implemented, with a sharp improvement of morbidity. The European Multicentric Study results have therefore to be considered as a “worst-case scenario”, as this study is mixing the results from patients treated with these 4 prototypes. n = 559 patients plus de 51 mois de suivi The Journal Of Urology, May 2001

23 DESCRIPTION DE LA POPULATION DE L ’ETUDE
 Résultats n=402 This cohort includes several sub-populations : most of the patients are T1-T2 patients treated with HIFU as first choice therapy. It is the T1-T2 population, including 402 patients. There are also 10 T3-T4 patients, 104 patients treated with HIFU after orchidectomy or a long hormonotherapy, 8 patients treated for local recurrence after prostatectomy, and 35 patients treated with HIFU for local recurrence after radiation therapy. The mean age of the overall cohort is 69 years, ranging from It is important to underline that all the patients included in the study were not suitable candidates for a radical prostatectomy. Not suitable candidates for prostatectomy means that the patients were not fulfilling the criteria for the surgery, or refused the surgery. Moyenne d ’age: 69 ans (Intervalle ) Nombre moyen de traitements: 1.4 session/patient

24 Biopsie : Nombre d’échantillons positifs
Etude Multicentrique Européenne Biopsie : Nombre d’échantillons positifs Population T1-T2 Caractéristiques à l’inclusion 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total 0.7% (TURP) 28.4% 29.5% 19.6% 6.5% 4.6% 10.7% 100% < 10 > 20 Total PSA (ng/ml) 50.9% 33.0% 16.1% 100% 2 - 4/G1 5 - 7/G2 8 - 10/G3 Total Score de Gleason 10.5% 73.2% 16.3% 100%  Résultats The baseline characteristics of the population: The T1-T2 patients were mainly presenting with a PSA level under 10 ng/ml, with a moderate differenciation at histology, and with 1 to 3 positive cores at the sextant biopsy (4 patients - 0.7% without positive cores, but with positive chips at the TURP; all the patients had a histology-based positive diagnosis for prostate cancer). It should be noted that almost 16% were presenting with high risk prognostic factors, such as PSA > 20, tumor cells poorly differentiated, and 5 or 6 positive cores for 6 samples biopsied (sextant biopsies were performed during the course of the study).

25 Après traitement complet Après traitement partiel
ETUDE MULTICENTRIQUE EUROPEENNE Résultats observés dans la population des cancers de stade T1 - T2 Taux de biopsies négatives 87.2%  Résultats Nadir PSA ng/ml 25th percentile médiane 75th percentile Après traitement complet 0.0 0.1 0.4 Après traitement partiel 0.6 2.2 In the overall T1-T2 population, negative biopsies (= all the biopsies performed during the patients follow-up were negative for cancer in all the cores) were observed in 87.2% of the patients. For the nadir PSA observed after a complete treatment: - at least 25% of the patients presented a nadir PSA at 0.0 - at least 50% of the patients presented a nadir PSA at 0.1 or less - at least 75% of the patients presented a nadir PSA at 0.4 or less. (this presentation of the results with percentiles allows to give a better approach on the population distribution according to the PSA nadir values) When a partial treatment is administered, voluntarily (i.e. potency sparing treatment) or due to a very large prostate size, prostate tissue is let in place. As a consequence, a residual PSA level is observed in these cases. If the tissue let in place is healthy, the residual PSA level will remain stable. If there is residual tumors, PSA level will rise and a second treatment session is indicated for the patient in order to target the non treated area (for large prostates: after 6 months, the prostate shrinkage will allow to target the anterior part of the prostate which was not accessible at the first treatment session). The Journal Of Urology, May 2001

26 Stratification des résultats en fonction du niveau de risque
ETUDE MULTICENTRIQUE EUROPEENNE Stratification des résultats en fonction du niveau de risque Taux de biopsies négatives 92.1% patients à bas risque patients à risque intermédiaire patients à haut risque  Résultats 86.4% Finally, a special highlight on the biopsy results according to the disease related initial risk level. There is a consensus for the definition of “low, intermediate or high risk patient”, which are mentioned here. Please, note that these definitions only concern the T1-T2 patients so : For the low risk patients, with cancer involving less than half a lobe, PSA < 10 and low Gleason sum, 92 % of them presented negative biopsies For the intermediate risk patients, that’s to say with cancer involving more than half a lobe, but only 1 lobe or PSA between 10 to 20, or Gleason sum = 7, 86.4 % of them presented negative biopsies And for the high risk patients with cancer involving both lobes, or PSA more than 20 or Gleason sum equal or more than 8, 82.1 % of them presented negative biopsies. 82.1% Patients à bas risque : T1-T2a et PSA  10 ng/ml et Gleason score  6 Patients à risque intermédiaire : T2b ou 10 < PSA 20 ng/ml ou Gleason sc. = 7 Patients à haut risque : T2c ou PSA > 20 ng/ml ou Gleason score  8 The Journal Of Urology, May 2001

27 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU Ref: L. Poissonnier, A. Gelet et al. - Résultats du traitement par ultrasons focalisés transrectaux du cancer localisé de la prostate (120 Patients avec PSA  à 10 ng/ml)- Progrès en Urologie, 2003, vol. 13, p  Résultats

28 Résultats « Long Terme » RESULTATS DE LYON
Critères d ’inclusion : CPa : T1-T2 Traitement 1ère intention PSA Initial  10 ng/ml Population : n=120 T1 : n = 61 T2 : n = 59 2 - 6 : n = 77 7-10 : n = 43 71.2  5.3 5.67  2.47 33.6  15.5 Stade Clinique Score de Gleason Age (ans) PSA (ng/ml) Volume Prostate (cc)  Résultats Here is the description of Dr Albert Gelet cohort of patients, with long-term results available. This patients were potentially curable with a local treatment, according to their pre-treatment PSA level: all patients had PSA  10 in this population selection. On the other hand, all these patients were not low-risk patients, as clinical stages T2b-T2c and Gleason sum  7 were not excluded from the analysis. On this slide, it is interesting to note the prostate volume before Ablatherm® treatment… then to see on the next slide that this volume is reduced by 50% after Ablatherm® treatment.

29 SUIVI A LONG TERME : RESULTATS DE LYON
TAUX DE GUERISON (DFR) CRITERES D’ECHEC Biopsies positives ( quelque soit le taux de PSA) OU (même si les biopsies sont négatives) Élévation du taux de PSA à 3 contrôles successifs Vélocité du PSA > 0.75 ng/ an  Résultats For the presentation of his results, Dr Albert Gelet is using a very strict evaluation criterion, combining both the biopsy and the PSA results. Even with this strict criterion, he observed a 77.5% success rate (and just remember that some of these patients were treated with the first device prototype!). The disease free curve: at the beginning of the curve (point 0 = day 0 for all the patients), none of the patients are considered as a failure. Each time a failure occurred (according to the failure definition), the curve presents a step down. It is interesting to note that all the failures after Ablatherm treatment occurred early during the patient follow-up: within 20 months. After this period, the curve is presenting a superb plateau: this is a very good indicator for the extrapolation of any short-term results. Suivi : > 96 mois Biopsies négatives : 85,8% (103/120) Nadir PSA < 0.5 : 75% (90/120) Vol prostatique moyen :  14,1 cc Progrès en Urologie, 2003

30 SUIVI A LONG TERME : RESULTATS DE LYON
Taux de guérison en fonction du score de Gleason  Résultats When Dr Albert Gelet results are stratified according to the cancer aggressiveness (given by the Gleason score), better results (85% success) are observed with the less aggressive cancers. This is the same for any cancer treatment: aggressive tumors are more likely to have a regional or general extension, even if classified as “clinically localized” (under-staging, due to the limits of the cancer work-up). For prostate cancer, extraprostatic localization of the disease will lead to a rising PSA level, even if the Ablatherm treatment was locally effective (patients with negative biopsies). Progrès en Urologie, 2003

31 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU  Résultats In order to have an opinion on a new treatment, based on facts and not only on feeling, the urologist needs information: from a large number of patients: this information is provided by the results of the European Multicentric Study, with the 559 patients included from Nov to Nov from the long-term follow-up: Dr Albert Gelet (Lyon, France) was involved in the clinical development since the first pilot study. His own cohort of patients includes therefore patients treated from 1993 in the prostate cancer indication. Of course, since 1993, the device was dramatically optimized, for efficacy as well as for safety. As a consequence, the results described in Albert Gelet papers, even if very satisfactory, could be considered as a “worst-case scenario”, better results being observed with the current treatment parameters. Information on the efficacy expected with the current treatment parameters is provided with the results from Munich. Indeed, Munich is the site with the higher patients recruitment. Therefore, Drs C. Chaussy and S. Thuroff have a sufficient number of patients treated with the current treatment parameters in order to provide relevant results. Similarly, the tolerance expected with the current device, including all the safety features, and used according to the standard procedure was described in a Munich team’s publication.

32 EFFICACITE OPTIMALE : RESULTATS DE MUNICH
Critères d'inclusion : Cancer localisé de la prostate (T1-T2) HIFU : Traitement de 1ère intention Paramètres standards (3 MHz - 5 sec) Patients évaluables pour nadir PSA et/ou stabilité : n = 104 Suivi moyen : 1 an  Results In order to consider that a treatment for prostate cancer is efficient, nadir PSA gives a good indication, but the PSA stability is even more important: a stable PSA level evidences the absence of cancerous disease (even if part of the prostate is let in place). In Munich, 104 T1-T2 patients treated with the current treatment parameters are now available for PSA stability (according to the definition of PSA stability, the patients have to be followed for roughly 1 year after nadir in order to be evaluable for PSA stability). Stabilité : selon la définition de l'ASTRO PSA non stable : 3 élévations successibles du PSA à partir du nadir, sur des prélèvements effectués avec min. 3 mois d'intervalle 1 / 2

33 Taux de biopsies négatives Taux de stabilité du PSA
EFFICACITE OPTIMALE : RESULTATS DE MUNICH Résultats observés dans l’ensemble de la population : Taux de biopsies négatives 88.9 % Nadir PSA (ng/ml) 10ème percentile 30ème percentile Médiane 70ème percentile 90ème percentile 0.00 0.28 2.10  Résultats In this group of patients, an overall negative biopsy rate at 88.9% was observed, and 84,1% of the patients were presenting with a stable PSA level after Ablatherm (according to the ASTRO definition for PSA stability). Very low nadir PSA was observed: 60% of the patients had a nadir PSA at 0.00 ng/ml (includes the 60th percentile), the 10 following percents were between 0.00 and 0.28 ng/ml.Only 10% of the patients presented a nadir at 2.10 ng/ml or more, which is coherent with the biopsy results. Taux de stabilité du PSA 84.1 %

34 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU  Résultats In order to have an opinion on a new treatment, based on facts and not only on feeling, the urologist needs information: from a large number of patients: this information is provided by the results of the European Multicentric Study, with the 559 patients included from Nov to Nov from the long-term follow-up: Dr Albert Gelet (Lyon, France) was involved in the clinical development since the first pilot study. His own cohort of patients includes therefore patients treated from 1993 in the prostate cancer indication. Of course, since 1993, the device was dramatically optimized, for efficacy as well as for safety. As a consequence, the results described in Albert Gelet papers, even if very satisfactory, could be considered as a “worst-case scenario”, better results being observed with the current treatment parameters. Information on the efficacy expected with the current treatment parameters is provided with the results from Munich. Indeed, Munich is the site with the higher patients recruitment. Therefore, Drs C. Chaussy and S. Thuroff have a sufficient number of patients treated with the current treatment parameters in order to provide relevant results. Similarly, the tolerance expected with the current device, including all the safety features, and used according to the standard procedure was described in a Munich team’s publication. Ref: C. Chaussy, S. Thüroff - High Intensity Focused Ultrasound: Complications and Adverse Events Molecular Urology, 2000, Vol. 4, 3:183-7

35 Les derniers 100 patients de l’étude multicentrique
MORBIDITE MINIMALE : RESULTATS DE MUNICH EFFETS SECONDAIRES Les derniers 100 patients de l’étude multicentrique Décès 0 Fistule 0 Brûlure de la paroi rectale 0 Douleur hémorroïdaire 1 Incontinence d’ effort Grade I (moyenne 27 jours) 9 Grade II (moyenne 32 jours) 2 Grade III (TURP) 1 Impériosité mictionnelle 7 Dysurie 13 Hématurie importante 0 Rétention post opératoire 100 Impuissance totale 22 Troubles de l’éjaculation 100  Résultats Concerning the safety results, adverse events were homogeneously assessed using a detailed questionnaire in 315 patients (München experience, Stefan Thüroff’s publication in Molecular Urology, 2001). Among these 315 patients, the last 100 were treated with the last safety features, such as cooling, and with improved clinical procedures leading to more efficacy and also to more safety. And you can then observe the direct impact of these improvements in the limitation of the side effects. This impact has to be underlined for the fistula and the other rectal adverse events occurrence rate, thanks to the cooling system and the check of the rectal wall distance before each shot. There is also a sharp improvement in stress incontinence occurrence rate, due to the definition of a security margin from the apex. Since the CE Mark device is available (i.e. more than 1000 patients treated) no grade III (total) stress incontinence occurred. A notable impact on urgency and infections is reported, due to a better patient management, with a systematic detection of urinary tract infections in the follow-up. In fact, only immediate post-treatment retention due to the prostate necrosis, so with a need for a urinary tube for a few days as after a TURP, and absence of ejaculation (coagulation of the seminal ducts) are systematically expected for all patients. Molecular Urology, 2000

36 EFFICACITE PROUVEE Large cohorte de patients : Étude multicentrique européenne Suivi à long terme : Résultats de Lyon Efficacité optimale : Résultats de Munich Morbidité minimale : Résultats de Munich Confirmation : Etude AFU  Résultats In order to have an opinion on a new treatment, based on facts and not only on feeling, the urologist needs information: from a large number of patients: this information is provided by the results of the European Multicentric Study, with the 559 patients included from Nov to Nov from the long-term follow-up: Dr Albert Gelet (Lyon, France) was involved in the clinical development since the first pilot study. His own cohort of patients includes therefore patients treated from 1993 in the prostate cancer indication. Of course, since 1993, the device was dramatically optimized, for efficacy as well as for safety. As a consequence, the results described in Albert Gelet papers, even if very satisfactory, could be considered as a “worst-case scenario”, better results being observed with the current treatment parameters. Information on the efficacy expected with the current treatment parameters is provided with the results from Munich. Indeed, Munich is the site with the higher patients recruitment. Therefore, Drs C. Chaussy and S. Thuroff have a sufficient number of patients treated with the current treatment parameters in order to provide relevant results. Similarly, the tolerance expected with the current device, including all the safety features, and used according to the standard procedure was described in a Munich team’s publication. Ref: P. Conort, F. Richard - Traitement du cancer localisé par ultrasons focalisés - Etude AFU Présentation congrès AFU

37 Etude multicentrique 2001/2002 - Promoteur : AFU
Rouen Hôpital Charles Nicolle Pr. Pfister (Sce Pr. Grise) Paris Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière Dr. Conort (Sce Pr. Richard) Paris Institut Mutualiste Montsouris Pr. Vallancien Caen Hôpital Côte de Nacre Pr. Bensadoun Strasbourg Hôpital Central Pr. Saussine (Sce Pr. Jacquemin)  Résultats Nantes Hôpital de l’Hôtel Dieu Pr. Bouchot (Sce Pr. Buzelin) Lyon Hôpital Edouard Herriot Dr. Gelet (Sce Pr. Dubernard) Toulouse Hôpital de Rangueil Pr. Rischmann Nice Hôpital Pasteur Dr. Chevalier (Sce Pr. Amiel) Marseille Hôpital Salvatore Pr. Coulange Ablatherm mobile Ablatherm fixe Congrès AFU, 2002

38 ETUDE AFU - MATERIEL ET METHODES
Patients, T1 ou T2, N0-M0 : PSA < 15 ng/ml 4/6 biopsies (ou 2/3 maximum), score Gleason < 7 volume prostatique < 50 cc non candidat ou refus de prostatectomie sans traitement hormonal avant Suivi à 2 ans sur critère principal carcinologique: PSA /6mois et biopsies (x 6) à 6, 12 et 24 mois de tolérance évènements indésirables questionnaires : IPSS et sexualité de coût : consultations, médicaments, soins, arrêt travail  Résultats Congrès AFU, 2002

39 93 patients évaluables à 6 mois PSA : 2,5 ± 3,2 ng/ml
ETUDE AFU - RESULTATS CARCINOLOGIQUES 93 patients évaluables à 6 mois PSA : 2,5 ± 3,2 ng/ml Biopsies négatives : 68 (73,1%) après 1ère session PSA : 1,8 ± 2,17 55 patients avec volume prostatique < 35 cc 43 (78%) après 1ère session PSA : 1,6 ± 1,95  Résultats Congrès AFU, 2002

40 115 patients de l’étude multicentrique
ETUDE AFU - TOLERANCE ET RESULTATS FONCTIONNELS EFFETS SECONDAIRES 115 patients de l’étude multicentrique Décès 0 Fistule 0 Brûlure de la paroi rectale 0 Douleur hémorroïdaire 2 Incontinence d’ effort Grade I (moyenne 27 jours) 13 Grade II (moyenne 32 jours) 2 Grade III (TURP) 0 Impériosité mictionnelle 5 Infection urinaire 18 Hématurie importante 3 Rétention aiguë persistante 6 Impuissance (sur 64) 25  Résultats Concerning the safety results, adverse events were homogeneously assessed using a detailed questionnaire in 315 patients (München experience, Stefan Thüroff’s publication in Molecular Urology, 2001). Among these 315 patients, the last 100 were treated with the last safety features, such as cooling, and with improved clinical procedures leading to more efficacy and also to more safety. And you can then observe the direct impact of these improvements in the limitation of the side effects. This impact has to be underlined for the fistula and the other rectal adverse events occurrence rate, thanks to the cooling system and the check of the rectal wall distance before each shot. There is also a sharp improvement in stress incontinence occurrence rate, due to the definition of a security margin from the apex. Since the CE Mark device is available (i.e. more than 1000 patients treated) no grade III (total) stress incontinence occurred. A notable impact on urgency and infections is reported, due to a better patient management, with a systematic detection of urinary tract infections in the follow-up. In fact, only immediate post-treatment retention due to the prostate necrosis, so with a need for a urinary tube for a few days as after a TURP, and absence of ejaculation (coagulation of the seminal ducts) are systematically expected for all patients. IPSS : passant de 7 ± 6 à 5,7 ± 6 Congrès AFU, 2002

41 Technique innovante et fiable Apprentissage simple
ETUDE AFU - CONCLUSION Technique innovante et fiable Apprentissage simple Très bonne tolérance Plus de 73% de contrôle maladie à 6 mois MAIS en 1 seule séance (78% si prostate < 35 cc)  Résultats Congrès AFU, 2002

42 Qu’en est il aujourd'hui ?
SITUATION Qu’en est il aujourd'hui ? L’ABLATHERM® est une option thérapeutique qui a prouvé son efficacité et sa faible morbidité 24 sites utilisent l’ABLATHERM® en Europe Plus de 3500 patients ont été traités au 31 avril 2003  Résultats The Ablatherm is now used in: France: - Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon (Dr A. Gelet) - IMM, Paris (Pr G. Vallancien) - Saint Joseph Clinic, Marseilles (Pr. Hermanowicz) - University Hospital, Caen (Pr. H. Bensadoun) - Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris (Pr F. Richard / Dr P. Conort) (MOBILE) - Rangeuil Hospital, Toulouse (Pr P. Rischmann) (MOBILE) - University Hospital, Strasbourg (Pr D. Jacqmin / Dr C. Saussine ) (MOBILE) - University Hospital, Rouen (Pr Grise / Dr Pfister ) (MOBILE) - Pasteur Hospital, Nice (Pr Amiel / Dr Chevallier ) (MOBILE) Germany: - Städtisches Krankenhaus, Munich (Pr C. Chaussy / Dr S. Thüroff) - St Josef Krankenhaus, Regensburg (Pr W. Wieland / Dr HJ. Kiel) - Allgemeines Krankenhaus Barmbek, Hamburg (Pr. R. Tauber, Dr. Pfeiffer) (MOBILE) Italy: - Ospedale Sant ’Anna, Como (Pr Comeri, Dr Conti) - San Giovanni Battista, Turin (Pr Ferrando, Dr Tasso) - DI VENERE GIOVANNI XXIII, Como (Pr. A. Traficante, Dr. A. Callea) Belgium: - AZ Middelheim, Antwerpen (Dr P. Van Erps) - Bordet Institute, Brussels (Pr R. Van Velthoven) Saudi Arabia: - Uro-Scientific Center, Jeddha

43 CANCER LOCALISE DE LA PROSTATE
INDICATIONS CANCER LOCALISE DE LA PROSTATE • Comme traitement de première intention • Comme traitement de rattrapage en cas de récidive locale  Indications

44 AVANTAGES Non-Invasif : pas d’incision, pas d’aiguilles, pas de radiation Efficace nécrose limitée et définitive de la lésion Evaluation rapide : nadir du PSA au 3ème mois Qualité de vie : peu d ’effets secondaires Renouvelable : si nécessaire au cours du suivi Adaptable: aux objectifs de l’urologue et du patient Absence d’impasse: les autres traitements restent possibles  Avantages

45 POSITIONNEMENT Le traitement non-invasif
du cancer localisé de la prostate, qui: 1. Offre des avantages thérapeutiques uniques par rapport aux autres traitements disponibles 2. Peut être utilisé comme un traitement de première intention ou de deuxième intention (récurrences) 3. Offre des avantages économiques indéniables par rapport aux autres traitements disponibles (courte durée d ’hospitalisation et de convalescence) 4. Permet à l’urologue de rester le seul thérapeute pendant toute la prise en charge du patient  Positionnement

46 ABLATHERM®  Positionnement L’ALTERNATIVE DES UROLOGUES