By : HOUSNA hebbaz Computer NetWork. Plane What is Computer Network? Type of Network Protocols Topology.

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1 by : HOUSNA hebbaz Computer NetWork

2 Plane What is Computer Network? Type of Network Protocols Topology

3 Two devices are in network if a process in one device is able to exchange information with a process in another device. Networks are known as a medium of connections between nodes or computers.information A network is consist of group of computer systems, servers, networking devices are linked together to share resources, including a printer or a file server. The connections is established by using either cable media or wireless media. computerprinter What is Computer Networks

4 Ther is many types of computers Networks like: Personal area network (PAN) PAN is a computer network used for communication among computer and different information technological devices close to one person. Some examples of devices that are used in a PAN are personal computers, printers, fax machines, telephones, scanners, and even video game consoles. A PAN may include wired and wireless devices. The reach of a PAN typically extends to 10 meters. Type of Networks

5 Type of Networks ( Suit) Local area network (LAN) A LAN is a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school, office building. Each computer or device on the network is a node. Wired LANs are most likely based on Ethernet technology. Current Ethernet or other IEEE 802.3 LAN technologies operate at data transfer rates up to 100 Gbit/s, standardized by IEEE in 2010. Currently, 400 Gbit/s Ethernet is being developed.EthernetIEEE 802.3100 Gbit/sIEEE400 Gbit/s Ethernet A LAN can be connected to a WAN using a router.router

6 Metropolitan area network (MAN) MAN is a large computer network that usually spans a city or a large campus. Wide area network (WAN) WAN is a computer network that covers a large geographic area such as a city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances. A WAN uses a communications channel that combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and air waves. A WAN often makes use of transmission facilities provided by common carriers, such as telephone companies. WAN technologies generally function at the lower three layers of the OSI reference model: the physical layer, the data link layer, and the network layer.OSI reference modelphysical layerdata link layernetwork layer Type of Networks ( Suit)

7 Network protocols are formal standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures and formats that define communication between two or more devices over a network. Network protocols govern the end-to-end processes of timely, secure and managed data or network communication. Modern protocols for computer networking all generally use packet switching techniques to send and receive messages in the form of packets _messages subdivided into pieces that are collected and re- assembled at their destination.packet switching Protocols

8 Protocols (suit) Internet Protocols The Internet Protocol family contains a set of related (and among the most widely used) network protocols. Beside Internet Protocol itself, higher-level protocols like TCP, UDP, HTTP, and FTP all integrate with IP to provide additional capabilities. Similarly, lower-level Internet Protocols like ARP and ICMP also co-exist with IP.TCPUDPHTTPFTPARPICMP Network Routing Protocols Routing protocols are special-purpose protocols designed specifically for use by network routers on the internet. A routing protocol can identify other routers, manage the pathways (called routes) between sources and destinations of network messages, and make dynamic routing decisions. Common routing protocols include EIGRP, OSPF, and BGP.network routers

9  Topology on BUS : all nodes are connected to a common medium along this medium.  Topology on STAR :all nodes are connected to a special central node,found in a WLAN  Topology on TREE : nodes are arranged hierarchically.  Topology on MESH : each node is connected to an arbitrary number of nodes. Topology

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