World Film History I, 6 Sound film in Europe until WWII.

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1 World Film History I, 6 Sound film in Europe until WWII

2 Institutions established during the Fascist era in Italy After 1933 dubbing of Italian films into foreign languages forbidden by law; all foreign films distributed in Italy had to be dubbed Films become a part of the Venice Arts Festival in 1934 Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia started in 1934 Bianco e nero magazine Cinecittà studios opened 21.4.1937

3 Italian cinema during the Fascist era ALESSANDRO BLASETTI: 1860 (1934), Vecchia Guardia (1935), Quattro passi fra le nuvole (1942) MARIO CAMERINI: Gli uomini, che mascalzoni! (1932), Il signor Max (1937), Grandi Magazini (1939) CARMINE GALLONE: Scipio l'Africano (1937) GOFFREDO ALESSANDRINI: Luciano Serra pilota (1938) FRANCESCO DE ROBERTIS: Uomini sul fondo(1941) ROBERTO ROSSELLINI: La nave bianca (1941), Un pilota ritorna (1942), L'uomo della croce (1943)

4 German cinema in the 1930s JOSEF VON STERNBERG: Der blaue Engel (1930) FRITZ LANG: M (1930) G.W. PABST: Westfront 1918 (1930), Kameradschaft (1931) LEONTINE SAGAN: Mädchen in Uniform (1931) VEIT HARLAN: Jud Süss (1940), Der grosse König (1942), Kolberg (1945) FRITZ HIPPLER: Feldzug in Poland (1940), Der ewige Jude (1940) LENI RIEFENSTAHL: Das blaue Licht (1932) Triumph des Willens (1935), Olympia I-II (1938) Deutsche Wochenscau newsreel compilations

5 Soviet cinema in the 1930s SERGEI and GRIGORI VASILEV: Šapajev (1934) GRIGORI KOZINTSEV & LEONID TRAUBERG Maksim-trilogy (1935-39) MARK DONSKOI: Gorki-trilogy (1938-40) VLADIMIR PETROV: Peter the Great I-II (1937-39) IVAN PYRIEV: Tractor drivers (1939) GRIGORI ALEXANDROV:Volga - Volga (1938) SERGEI EISENSTEIN: Que viva México!, Aleksanteri Nevski (1938), Ivan the Terrible I-II (1945, 1945)

6 French cinema in the 1930s RÉNE CLAIR: Sous les toits de Paris (1930), A nous la liberté (1931) PIERRE COLOMBIER: Ignace (1937) JEAN VIGO: Zéro de conduit (1933), L'Atalante (1934) MARCEL PAGNOL: Marcel (1931), Fanny (1932), Topaz (1932) JEAN RENOIR: Nana (1926), La chienne (1931), Toni (1935), Le crime de M Lange (1936), La grande illusion (1937), La marseillaise (1938) La bête humaine (1938), La règle du jeu (1939) MAX OPHÜLS: Da Mayerling à Sarajevo (1940)

7 Poetic realism PIERRE CHENAL: La rue sans nom (based on Marcel Aymé’s novel), Crime et châtiment (1935) MARCEL CARNÉ: Le quai des brumes (1938), Hôtel du nord (1938), Le jour se lève (1939) JULIEN DUVIVIER: La belle equipe (1936) Pépé le Moko (1937) Actors and actresses: Jean Gabin, Michel Simon, Simone Signoret, Michéle Morgan Other artists: Jacques Prévert, Maurice Jaubert, Lazare Meerson, Alexander Trauner

8 Institutions created during the occupation Comité d'Organisation de l'industrie Cinématographique (C.O.I.C.) founded in 1940 under former UFA producer Rouil Ploquin Grand Prix de Film D'Art Francais Institut des Hautes Etudes Cinématographiques (I.D.H.E.C.) under Marcel L'Herbier Cinémathèque Francaise, founded by Henri Langlois together with Georges Franju strenghtens its position

9 Films and directors during the occupation CHRISTIAN-JACQUES: La symphonie fantastique (1942) MARCEL PAGNOL: La fille du puisatier (1940) MARCEL CARNÉ: Les visiteurs du soir (1942), Les enfants du paradis (1945) HENRI-GEORGES CLOUZOT: Le corbeau (1943) JEAN GRÉMILLON: Le ciel est a vous (1944) Other artists working in the industry: Jacques Prévert, Pierre Laroche, Alexander Trauner, Joseph Kosma, Pierre Fresnay, Arletty

10 British cinema in the 1930s ALFRED HITCHCOCK: Blackmail (1930), Murder (1930), The 39 Steps (1935) ALEXANDER KORDA: The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933), Rembrandt (1936) HAROLD YOUNG: The Scarlet Pimpernel (1935) [HENRY HATHAWAY: The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (USA, 1935)] ZOLTAN KORDA: The Drum (1938), The Four Feathers (1939), The Jungle Book (1942) ANTHONY ASQUITH: Pygmalion

11 Britain during the war LESLIE HOWARD: Pimpernel Smith (1941) MICHAEL POWELL: 49th Parallel (1941) THOROLD DICKINSON: The Prime Minister (1941) CAROL REED: The Young Mr. Pitt, The Way Ahead (1944) DAVID LEAN: In Which We Serve (1942) JOHN BAXTER: Love on the Dole (1941)