6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun,

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1 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 National Situation regarding Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in Egypt Dr: Shams Amin Preventive medicine specialist General organization for veterinary service Ministry of agriculture

2 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 2 PPR history in Egypt 1987 : PPR first recorded in Giza governorate, central region (in goat ) 1989 : recorded in Fayoum Governorate, south region (in lambs ). From 1989 till 2012 :lack of regular surveillance and no confirmed lab results. In May 2012, one case was recorded in Cairo (in a sheep farm).

3 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 3 Total number of outbreaks of PPR since 2012 Total number of reported village Total number of outbreaks Year 10 2012 34352013 69702014 44 2015

4 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 4 After supervision of some PPR outbreaks to determined the losses in Sharkia and Giza governorates at animal level found that: 1.Losses in body weight about 3 kg in one animal X 40 = 120 Ep 2.Treatment cost for one animal range from 20 to 40 Ep according to protocol of treatment with average 30 Ep 3. The cost of one diseased animal = 120+30 = 150 Ep 4.The cost of one animal died = 1500 EP 5.Vaccination of one animal by one dose of PPR vaccine = 4 Ep This is just an idea for calculation of economic impact of PPR and we need to start study of socioeconomic impact of PPR Estimated economic impact of PPR disease

5 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 Policy I. Surveillance Passive surveillance Active surveillance II. Rapid response III. National awareness National Policy of PPR disease control in Egypt Since detection of confirmed case in 2012, GOVS applied national strategy of control PPR to reduce impact of PPR

6 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 6 I.I Total number of lab confirmed positive villages recorded through passive surveillance No of villages (Positive antibodies) No of villages (Positive antigens) Total positive village Year 55102012 920292013 1330432014 421252015 Egyptation strain of PPR belong to lineage 4 according to Pirbright result in May 2014

7 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015

8 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015

9 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 9 I.II Active surveillance Sero-surveillance implemented in 2012,2013 Objective : estimation of the prevalence through the detection of antibodies against the PPR virus in the blood. Methodology : sample size were calculated for represented all geographical regions and collecting data in epidemiological sheets for analysis.

10 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 29%,24% of collected sample where positive in 2012 and 2013 respectively I.II Active surveillance

11 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 II- Rapid Response 1.Rapid response teams for any suspicious cases : – Sampling ( whole blood, eye and nasal swaps or lung and lymph nodes in recently died animals ) to be submitted for diagnosis in National Lab; Animal Health Research Institute ( AHRI ) as soon as possible

12 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 12 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 II- Rapid Response 2.Movement control around suspicious cases. 3.Increase awareness for biosecurity measures. 4.Symptomatic treatment to prevent secondary bacterial infection and subsequently reduce the losses. 5.Target surveillance around the focus to investigate the health status of the animals at village.

13 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 13 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 II- Rapid Response 6.Ring vaccination in a circle of radius 10 km around the suspected focus. Live attenuated virus vaccine(African strain; Nigerian type 75/1.)  Produced locally by the Veterinary Serum and Vaccines Research Institute (VSVRI).  Evaluated and Certified by Pan vac lab.

14 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 14 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 III- National awareness Extension campaign send key message to owners aimed to increase awareness.

15 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 15 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 strengthening of Veterinary Services Gap analysis report finding ( 2010 ) : GOVS needs to establish pluri-annaul strategic plan regarding contagious animal diseases, food safety and related issues. This strategic plan should be drafted in coordination with all stakeholders, explained to all the actors at the national directorates at field level Enhancement of awareness of both public and private vets and animal owners. Is highly recommended to impalement two independent studies including prospective management of human resources and detailing the laboratory network

16 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 16 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 strengthening of Veterinary Services PVS (Self assessment 2013) OIE PVS critical competencieslevel Professional competencies of vets3 Continuing education4 External coordination3 Risk analysis2 Consultation with stakeholders2 Preparation of legislation and regulations3 Active epidemiological surveillance3

17 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 17 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 Control measures related to PPR support control of other small ruminant diseases In the current stage GOVS applied control measures for 3 important diseases concerning small ruminant in Egypt (food and mouth disease, rift valley fever and sheep pox). Establishment of strategic control plan for PPR will help in controlling other small ruminant disease through : 1.Improve biosecurity measures concerning professionals 2.Understanding the risk of viral introduction at different borders and trails to reduce viral transmission by smuggling animals from borders (not only PPR but most of animal diseases). 3.Establish adequate monitoring and evaluation system.

18 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 18 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 There is little significance of the current control measures on the impact of PPR, so we need to develop strategic control plan based on identified risk factor related to PPR. Reduction of PPR impact and related current control measures

19 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 Difficulties encountered in controlling PPR  Uncontrolled live animal markets  Movements of the infected nomadic grazing sheep and goats flocks and social activities help the spread and transmission of virus to different localities.

20 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 20 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 Difficulties encountered in controlling PPR  smuggling over borders through illegal movement.  Shoats suffer from stress of movement, nutritional deficiencies and parasitic infestation.  Under reporting. illegal smuggling in Aswan governorates

21 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 21 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 training on : 1- detailed value chain for small ruminant to determined specific hot spots. 2- socioeconomic impact in all level in different husbandry systems. 3- Risk factors for the presence of PPRV and subsequent risk pathways Expert for developing comprehensive risk-based Control Strategy Technical assistance

22 6th West Eurasia Roadmap Meeting Almaty, Kazakhstan 28-30 April 2015 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015 22 Première Réunion de la Feuille de Route PPR pour l’Afrique Centrale – Yaoundé/Cameroun, 24-28 août 2015