GEOGRAPHIE DE L’EURASIE

Présentation au sujet: "GEOGRAPHIE DE L’EURASIE"— Transcription de la présentation:

1 GEOGRAPHIE DE L’EURASIE
INALCO Département EURASIE GEOGRAPHIE DE L’EURASIE Année universitaire 3. L’Eurasie : Etats, identités et frontières. Bernard Hourcade Monde Iranien et Indien, Paris (CNRS, Sorbonne Nouvelle, INALCO, EPHE) Tel

2 L'aménagement linguistique dans le monde
Site hébergé par le Trésor de la langue Française au Quebec TLFQ Université Laval Québec, 2007 Auteur : Jacques Leclerc, membre associé au TLFQ             Site de la CIA ( USA)

3 La construction des États : centralisme et frontières
Ethnicité et transnational Autonomies et conflits

4 La construction des États. centralisme, et frontières

5 AFGHANISTAN 31 M hab. 647,500 km2 border countries: China 76 km, Iran 936 km, Pakistan 2,430 km, Tajikistan 1,206 km, Turkmenistan 744 km, Uzbekistan 137 km Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, Aimak 4%, Turkmen 3%, Baluch 2%, other 4% Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 19%, other 1%

6 TADJIKISTAN 7,320,815 hab 143,100 Km2 Borders Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km Tajik 79.9%, Uzbek 15.3%, Russian 1.1%, Kyrgyz 1.1%, other 2.6% Sunni Muslim 85%, Shi'a Muslim 5%, other 10%

7 OUZBEKISTAN 447,400 km2 27,307,134 Hab border Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Orthodox 9%, other 3%

8 KIRGHIZIE 198,500 km2 5,213,898 Hab borders China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km Kyrgyz 64.9%, Uzbek 13.8%, Russian 12.5%, Dungan 1.1%, Ukrainian 1%, Uygur 1%, other 5.7% Muslim 75%, Orthodox 20%, other 5%

9 TURKMENISTAN 488,100 km² 5,042,920 hab  borders: Afghanistan 744 km, Iran 992 km, Kazakhstan 379 km, Uzbekistan 1,621 Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%

10 KAZAKHSTAN 2,717,300 km ,233,244 hab. border : China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km Kazakh 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Tatar 1.7%, Uygur 1.4%, other 4.9% Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7%

11 TURQUIE 780,580 km ,413,958 hab border : Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 352 km, Syria 822 km Turkish 80%, Kurdish 20% Languages : Turkish, Kurdish, Zaza), Azeri, Kabardian. Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews) Alevi ??

12 AZERBAIDJAN 86,600 km² 7,961,619 hab. border : Armenia 566 km, Armenia/ Naxcivan 221 km, Georgia 322 km, Iran 432 km, Iran /Naxcivan ) 179 km, Russia 284 km, Turkey 9 km Azeri 90.6%, Dagestani 2.2%, Russian 1.8%, Armenian 1.5%, other 3.9% Azeri) 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other 6% Muslim 93.4%, Russian Orthodox 2.5%, Armenian Orthodox 2.3%, other 1.8%

13 ARMENIE 29,800 km² 2,976,372 Hab. borders: Azerbaijan- 566 km, Naxcivan exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km Armenian 97.9%, Yezidi 1.3%, Russian 0.5%, other 0.3% Armenian Apostolic 94.7%, other Christian 4%, Yezidi 1.3%

14 GEORGIE 9,700 km² 4,661,473 hab. borders: Armenia 164 km, Azerbaijan 322 km, Russia 723 km, Turkey 252 km Georgian 83.8%, Azeri 6.5%, Armenian 5.7%, Russian 1.5%, other 2.5% Georgian 71% Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7% Abkhaz Orthodox 83.9%, Muslim 9.9%, Armenian 3.9%, Catholic 0.8%, other 0.8%,

15 borders: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35,
IRAN 1.648 M km² 68,688,433 hab. borders: Afghanistan 936 km, Armenia 35, Azerbaijan-432 Azerbaijan-Naxcivan 179 Iraq 1,458 km, Pakistan 909 km, Turkey 499 km, Turkmenistan 992 km Caspienne 657 Golfe Persique 2043 Persian 51%, Azeri 24%, Gilaki and Mazandarani 8%, Kurd 7%, Arab 3%, Lur 2%, Baluch 2%, Turkmen 2%, other 1% Languages : Persian 58%, Turk 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Baluchi 1%, Arabic 1%, Turkish 1%, other 2% Shi'a Muslim 89%, Sunni 9%, Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian, and Baha'i 2%

16 2. Ethnicité et transnational

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22 3. Autonomies et Conflits

23 LES ROUTES DU PETROLE

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26 Les routes de la drogue

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33 KURDES et BALOUTCHES

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36 « Frontières sanglantes »
Comment des dogmes culturels peuvent générer des conflits et briser des équilibres difficiles. Article publié par Ralph Peters. Blood borders? How a Better Middle East Would Look. Armed Forces Journal, June 2006 Dossier d’analyses critiques dans Diplomatie, 24, 2007 p