The Jews of France Selected issues Erik H. Cohen School of Education - Bar Ilan University The Kantor Center for the Study of Contemporary European Jewry.

Présentation au sujet: "The Jews of France Selected issues Erik H. Cohen School of Education - Bar Ilan University The Kantor Center for the Study of Contemporary European Jewry."— Transcription de la présentation:

1 The Jews of France Selected issues Erik H. Cohen School of Education - Bar Ilan University The Kantor Center for the Study of Contemporary European Jewry Tel Aviv University January 26, 2012

2 The surveyed populations Historical background The Jewish day school What would you wish to be? … Typology of the French Jews References Basic bibliography

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4 524 decision makers and professionals of the Jewish community 878 heads of families answered based on family names 17 departments covered

5 between 13 – 31 January, 2002 based on family names 1132 heads of families answered 30 departments covered 300 questions

6 1945-2002 alumni of Institute of counselors training program for Diaspora Jewish youth ( המכון למדריכי חוץ לארץ ) 1163 Institute alumni responded to questionnaires, representing 50% of those who received the questionnaire

7 600 (53%) of the heads of households interviewed in the first study

8 281 counselors in Jewish movements and organizations answered 1280 Jews aged 18+ answered

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10 1789: French revolution 1791: Political emancipation of the Jews 1806: Grand Sanhedrin by Napoleon [Assembly of Jewish Notables] 1808: Consistoires 1894: Dreyfus Affair (1894-1906) 1905: Separation of Church and State 1940: Vichy regime

11 1940 1945 1956 1962 1967

12 Circa 500,000 Paris intra muros (26%) Paris suburbs (30%) Province (44%) 1. Marseille 2. Lyon 3. Nice 4. Toulouse 5. Strasbourg

13 70% Sefardi, 24% Ashkenazi, 6% both 51% traditional, 5% orthodox, 15% liberal, 29% non-practicing 29% Very frequently in the community, 17% Frequently, (…), 20% Never

14 ProfessionPercentage Artisans3 Traders10 Managers6 Senior executives11 Liberal professions14 Middle executives14 Intellectual professions15 Employees25 Workers2 Total100

15 The Jewish day school in France

16 YearStudents in Jewish day schools 1950400 19703000 19787992 198815907 200228391 201030525 Development of Jewish day schools in France: 1950-2010 (a)

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18 FrameworkPercentage Jewish day schools~ 30% Non Jewish private school (catholic) ~ 30% Public school~ 40%

19 Parents of children who do not attend Jewish day school Parents of children who attend Jewish day school Aliyah very soon530 Aliyah later4352 No intention of Aliyah5218 Total100

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22 If you could be born again, what would you wish to be?

23 USA Western Europe United Kingdom South Africa South America Jew in Home Country 4730295023 Jew in Israel 3047392543

24 North America Western Europe South America Eastern Europe Total Jewish in Home Country 6148573056 Jewish in Israel 2637274130

25 1973 Jewish Volunteers Interviewed in 1983 French Israel Experience participants in 1984 French Israel Experience participants 1993–2003 Jew in France332936 Jew in Israel505457

26 Cohen, E. H. & R. Werczberger (2009). Jewish normativity: an explorative study. In D. Elizur & E. Yaniv (eds.) Theory Construction and Multivariate Analysis: Applications of Facet Approach, FTA Publications, 35-48.

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30 ValueAverage rating Honor your parents2.73 Founding a family2.61 Studying2.55 Being oneself2.52 Helping others2.42 Enjoying life2.37 Doing what I like2.31 Being useful to society2.24 Having a good time with friends2.18 Believing in God2.14 Going away on holiday2.04 Caring for ones appearance2.01 Engaging in sport1.76 Earning a lot of money1.70

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32 ProfilePercentage Profile 1: Individualists22 Profile 2: Universalists24 Profile 3: Traditionalists31 Profile 4: Revivalists23 Total100

33 Dominant axiological trait Going away on holiday, engaging in sport, caring for one's appearance Socio-economic details Average income +, Average education +, aged 50 and over

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38 Becker, J. & Wieviorka A. (1998). Les Juifs de France, de la Révolution à nos jours. Paris: Liana Levi. Ben Raphaël, E. (2001). Quest-ce quêtre Juif? Paris: Editions Balland. Bensimon, D. (1989). Les Juifs de France et leur relation avec Israël (1945-1988). Paris: Editions lHarmattan. Bensimon D. & Della Pergola, S. (1986). La population juive de France: Socio démographie et identité. Jewish Population Studies (Vol. 17). Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute of Contemporary Jewry and Paris: and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique. Bensimon, D. & Pinkus, B. (1989). Les Juifs de France, le sionisme et lEtat dIsraël: Actes du colloque international. Paris and Bersheva: National Institute of Oriental Languages and Ben Gurion University of the Negev. Birnbaum, P. (1988). Un mythe politique :"La République juive": de Léon Blum à Pierre Mendès France. Paris: Fayard. Birnbaum, P. (2002). Sur la corde raide: Parcours juifs entre exil et citoyenneté. Paris: Flammarion. Blumenkranz, B. with Lévy, M. (1974). Bibliographie des Juifs en France. Toulouse: Collection Franco- Judaïca. Chevalier, Y. (1978). Les mutations de la communauté juive de France, 1967- 1977. Yod: Revue des Etudes Hébraïques et Juives Modernes et Contemporaines, 3 (6), 42-54.

39 DellaPergola, S. (2003a). Un nouveau regard sur les Juifs français. LArche, 546-547. Finkielkraut, A. (1980). Le Juif imaginaire. Paris: Editions Essai/Seuil. Harris, A. & de Sédouy, A. (1979). Juifs & Français. Paris: Editions Grasset. Hyman, P. (1979). From Dreyfus to Vichy: The remaking of French Jewry, 1906-1939. New York: Columbia University Press. Hyman, P. (1998). The Jews of Modern France. University of California Press. Korcaz, S. (1969). Les Juifs de France et l'Etat d'Israël. Paris: Editions Denoël. Lévinas, E. (1963). Difficile liberté: Essais sur le Judaïsme. Paris: Editions Albin. [English edition 1990 Difficult freedom: Essays on Judaism S. Hand Trans. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press]. Marienstras, R. (1975). Etre un peuple en Diaspora. Paris: Editions François Maspéro. Memmi, A. (1962). Portrait dun Juif: lImpasse. Paris: Editions Gallimard. Misrahi, R. (1963). La condition réflexive de lhomme juif. Paris: Editions Julliard, collection les Temps Modernes. Neher, A. (1962). Lexistence juive: Solitude et affrontements. Paris: Seuil. Observatoire du monde juif. (2001). Liste des incidents dont les communatés juives ont été victims depuis de début de la deuxième Intifada. Observatoire du monde juif, 1, 2-9. Sartre, J-P. (1954). Réflexions sur la question juive. Paris: Idées/Gallimard. Schnapper, D. (1980). Juifs et Israélites. Paris: Gallimard. Schwarzfuchs, S. (1989). Du Juif à l'israélite: Histoire d'une mutation (1770-1870). Paris: Fayard. Trigano, S. (2006). Lavenir des Juifs de France. Paris: Editions Grasset.

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