LYOT : LYman Orbiting Telescopes

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Transcription de la présentation:

LYOT : LYman Orbiting Telescopes à bord de la mission franco-chinoise SMESE (Small Explorer for solar Erupions) Frédéric Auchère, Jean-Claude Vial Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale T. Appourchaux, K. Bocchialini, M. Derouich (I.A.S.) P. Lamy (L.A.M.), S. Koutchmy (I.A.P.) U. Schühle (MPS), E. Antonucci, S. Fineschi (Obs. Turin), M. Romolli (Univ. Florence) Autres collaborations : ORB, CSL, RAL, LESIA, LERMA, … LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007

LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007

Mécanisme d’initiation des CMEs et Eruptions : reconnexion magnétique   from Anzer et Pneumann (1982) LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Initiation des Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) (1)   Initiation des Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) (1) Source instability which leads to the CME ? 4 critical parameters concerning the acting forces: * initial acceleration * non-radial motions * transverse (latitudinal) expansion * initial radial expansion Must be measured below 2 Rs LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Initiation des Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) (2)   Initiation des Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) (2) Source instability which leads to the CME ? Several models (e.g. flux rope, Amari et al. 2003, breakout model, Aulanier et al. 2001) None have been validated LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Magnetic field in the corona   Corona cannot be fully understood without the magnetic field Measured at the surface Not measured in the corona LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Measurements of the coronal magnetic field Bommier & Sahal (1982) Hanle effect Rotation polarisation Dépolarisation (B < 50 G pour La) LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Origin of solar energetic particles (SEPs) Further studies Structure of the transition between chromosphere and corona Spatial and temporal variability of the La irradiance Origin of solar energetic particles (SEPs) Factor 3 variability at 30.4 nm (~La) SEM/SOHO LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

LYOT Why a La coronagraph ? Why a La imager ? LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Spatial (pixel) resolution Watching-mode Cadence LYOT (and SMESE payload) performances Wavelength / Energy Field of View Spatial (pixel) resolution Watching-mode Cadence Event-mode cadence Daily data volume LYOT : La imager 121.6 nm Full Disk 1.1 arcsec 10 s 0.2 s LYOT : La coronagraph 5*5 solar radii 2.3 arcsec 20 s 2 s 29 Gb DESIR : Infra-red Telescope 35 ≤ 1 ≤ 80 mm 100≤ 2 ≤ 250 mm 50 arcsec at 35 mm 100 ms 5 Gb HEBS 10-500keV 200keV-10MeV 10MeV-600MeV Full disk 1 s 32 ms 1.75 Gb LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Mission Requirements (1) Continuous observations : SS (6-18) orbit Altitude : 650 – 750 km (radiation belts vs. geocorona) TM : compatible with continuous imaging at 10 s rate (+ compression) : ~ 35 Gbits/day Power : 100 W Volume : ~ 60*60*30 cm3 LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Mission Requirements (2) P/L mass : < 70 kg Sun-pointed stabilized platform Pointing stability : 0.4 arcsec/s for LYOT ; with a dedicated internal P/L servo mechanism, a platform stability of 36 arcsec/s is OK. Pointing accuracy : 30 arcsec Roll of the S/C (polarization measurements) : ~ twice a week LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Mission Requirements (3) Duration : 2 years minimum; 3 optimum Time : ASAP after solar maximum of cycle 24 « scheduled «  for 2011-2012 ? Operations : no special requirement but internal reactivity to events (flag signal thru an Internal Data Handling Processor; mass memory ~16 Gb) Data available ASAP to the community through SMC LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

Proposition LYOT : avril 2000 (7 ans déjà …) Situation du projet Proposition LYOT : avril 2000 (7 ans déjà …) Prospective CNES : 2002 -> 2004 Mars-Septembre 2006 : Phase 0/A Septembre 2006 – Juin 2007 : Phase A PRR : 7 juin 2007 Steering Committee : 6 juillet 2007 Phase B en 2008 ? Lancement en 2012-2013 ? Cf. le calendrier solaire LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007

SMESE and the Sun’ calendar ? (courtesy D. Biesecker, 2007) LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007

LYOT LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007

The SMESE French-Chinese Team China: PMO : Purple Mountain Observatory, CAS NJU : Nanjing University CSSAR : Center for Space Science and Applied Research (Beijing) NAOC : National Astronomical Observatory, CAS (Beijing) CNSA : Chinese National Space Agency France : LESIA/OP : Laboratoire d’Etudes Spatiales et d’Instrumentation en Astrophysique (Paris Observatory) IAS : Institut d‘Astrophysique Spatiale (Orsay) CNES : Centre National d‘Etudes Spatiales Collaborations with other Institutes (LAM, LPCE, Torino/Firenze, CSL, ORB, RAL, SSL, Brazil, GSFC ...) LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 Comité adhoc C.N.E.S. 25 juin 2001

LYMAN ALPHA CORONAGRAPH IMAGER (LACI) OPTICAL DESIGN Raytracing LACI LYOT, SFSA, Juillet 2007 07/06/2007 SMESE PRR - LYOT Instrument 20 A. Millard