Copyright © NDSL, Chang Gung University. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 7 Transmission Media 長庚大學資訊工程學系陳仁暉副教授 Tel: (03) 211-8800.

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Copyright © NDSL, Chang Gung University. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 7 Transmission Media 長庚大學資訊工程學系陳仁暉副教授 Tel: (03) Ext: URL:

NDSLab 2 Figure 7.1 Transmission medium and physical layer

NDSLab 3 Transmission Media By definition –Broadly defined as anything that can carry information from a source to a destination. –e.g., air, twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, conductor, and so on. Guided media –Provide a conduit from one device to another, include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable.

NDSLab 4 Figure 7.2 Classes of transmission media

NDSLab GUIDED MEDIA Guided media, which are those that provide a conduit from one device to another, include twisted-pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable. Twisted-Pair Cable Coaxial Cable Fiber-Optic Cable Topics discussed in this section:

NDSLab 6 Figure 7.3 Twisted-pair cable

NDSLab 7 Figure 7.4 UTP and STP cables Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP)Shielded Twisted-Pair (STP)

NDSLab 8 Unshielded vs Shielded Twisted-Pair Cable Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) Shielded twisted-pair (STP) –Has a metal foil or braided-mesh covering that encases each pair of insulated conductors. Category –Electronic Industries Association (EIA) has developed standards to classify unshielded twisted-pair cable into seven categories. Table 7.1 shows these categories. Connectors –Most common UTP connector is RJ-45 (RJ stands for registered jack).

NDSLab 9 Table 7.1 Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cables

NDSLab 10 Figure 7.5 UTP connector

NDSLab 11 Figure 7.6 UTP performance Gauge is a measure of the thickness of the wire.

NDSLab 12 Figure 7.7 Coaxial cable

NDSLab 13 Table 7.2 Categories of coaxial cables

NDSLab 14 Figure 7.8 BNC connectors

NDSLab 15 Figure 7.9 Coaxial cable performance

NDSLab 16 Figure 7.10 Bending of light ray

NDSLab 17 Figure 7.11 Optical fiber

NDSLab 18 Figure 7.12 Propagation modes

NDSLab 19 Figure 7.13 Modes

NDSLab 20 Table 7.3 Fiber types

NDSLab 21 Figure 7.14 Fiber construction

NDSLab 22 Figure 7.15 Fiber-optic cable connectors

NDSLab 23 Figure 7.16 Optical fiber performance

NDSLab UNGUIDED MEDIA: WIRELESS Unguided media transport electromagnetic waves without using a physical conductor. This type of communication is often referred to as wireless communication. Radio Waves Microwaves Infrared Topics discussed in this section:

NDSLab 25 Figure 7.17 Electromagnetic spectrum for wireless communication

NDSLab 26 Figure 7.18 Propagation methods

NDSLab 27 Table 7.4 Bands

NDSLab 28 Figure 7.19 Wireless transmission waves

NDSLab 29 Figure 7.20 Omnidirectional antenna

NDSLab 30 Radio waves are used for multicast communications, such as radio and television, and paging systems. Note

NDSLab 31 Figure 7.21 Unidirectional antennas

NDSLab 32 Microwaves are used for unicast communication such as cellular telephones, satellite networks, and wireless LANs. Note

NDSLab 33 Infrared signals can be used for short- range communication in a closed area using line-of-sight propagation. Note