Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D1 "Ownership of one's text" : Strategic teaching in French for Business. Thérèse Saint Paul, Ph.D Murray State.

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2 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D1 "Ownership of one's text" : Strategic teaching in French for Business. Thérèse Saint Paul, Ph.D Murray State University CIBER Conference 2001 San Diego therese.saintpaul@murraystate.edu

3 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D2 Teaching Challenge Maximize individual performance Practice group* work *Group work refers to communication between student & peers/ student and outsiders (community) with whom student interacts as part of an activity (- motivating) (+ motivating) Group work= conducive to better learning? Many factors: learning styles/ nature of tasks… Complex issue of “learning”. Group work= conducive to better learning? Many factors: learning styles/ nature of tasks… Complex issue of “learning”.

4 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D3 Presentation The focus : strategically designed activity using student motivation of having “one's own text published on the web” to encourage, enhance, assess, individual written/oral work within a group activity.

5 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D4 Teaching objectives 1. Create a Fun, challenging learning context 2. Encourage and maintain individual work while retaining the cooperation & dynamism of a group activity. 3. Encourage the learning objectives of (French for Business) course and of language learning in general. 4. Create an effective transfer of learning responsibility between Teacher and Student.

6 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D5 Plan zI.Activity description and goals zII. Pedagogical aspects: Strategic learning/teaching zIII. Conclusions

7 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D6 I. Activity z1-Class, level z2-Assignment, implementation, evaluation z3-Applicability z4-Objectives z5-Description & illustration

8 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D7 1- Class, level. 1.1 Course: French for Business and Culture 1.2. Level: average intermediate high 1.3. Timing: 1/3 way into the semester - project spans over several weeks

9 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D8 2- 2- Assignment, implementation, evaluation Course Web site Guidelines: see Course Web site. zPreliminary activities zProject set up as a three-point task clearly defined. Individual work y1-- Each student interviews a French entrepreneur or French-owned US local company y2-- Writes a report in a bilingual format which is published online advertisement-type brochure sent to the Franco- American Chamber of Commerce, the French Consulate etc. http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project1.html; http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project1.html; http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/french/ffbcourse.html Group work y3-- Students share their reports in groups and create fictitious company profiles, which will later serve as a basis for a role-play. http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project2a.html http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project2a.html

10 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D9 Projet: Interview with French Entrepreneurs References on website: Models & Entrepreneurs List Introduction You are going to select one "entrepreneur" from the list. These are business people from France or from another French-speaking country (Belgium, Quebec) who started a business of their own in this region of the USA. Objectives The aim of this exercise is to provide you with an opportunity to communicate in French, in an authentic business context. You will interview the entrepreneur of your choice according to the guidelines below. Your written report will be published on this French for Business site and sent to: - the (Franco-American) Chambers of Commerce - the French Consulate & other organizations.

11 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D10 Guidelines/lignes directives... Reports :#oral report (5 min) in French, in class #written report (in French/English+PICTURE to scan). Call and arrange a visit -Follow politeness guidelines on the telephone: (see course section on "Phrases-clé" au téléphone) - Call first and introduce yourself in French. - Explain the purpose of your call (in French). - Explain the purpose of the activity. -->Project will give visibility to the company etc... - Set up a visit and interview the person IMPORTANT: Ask for business card/ brochure/documentation “Remercier poliment”!

12 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D11 Questionnaire Nom et fonction de la personne interrogée? Nom de l'entreprise/de la société? Statut juridique ici aux USA? Secteur d'activité principale? ex. De quel type d'entreprise s'agit - il? Service? Fabrication? Produit? Histoire de l'entreprise? Organisation? ex. Depuis quand est-elle installée aux USA? Combien y-a-t-il d'employés?(Cadres? Autres?) Pourquoi cette région des USA? Fournisseurs? Distribution? Clientèle? Remarques sur les différences interculturelles (France-USA) Contacts avec l'étranger (expliquer?) Publicité; site internet? Rappel: vocabulaire Les PME ont un directeur; les G.E ont un PDG. Le directeur peut être le patron (owner) ou le gérant (manager) et il gère l'entreprise.

13 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D12 3. Applicability z can also be used in immersion courses, z in country.

14 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D13 4. Objectives of the activity

15 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D14 4.1. Promote learning objectives of French For Business course 4.2. Promote the Five C’s of foreign language education. Communication-Cultures-Connections-Comparisons- Communities “Knowing how, when, and why to say what to whom”. National Standards for Foreign Language Education. A collaborative Project of ACTFL, AATF, AATSP, ACL, ACTR, CLASS etc. 5 Goals & 11 Standards : http://www.actfl.org/http://www.actfl.org/

16 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D15 The Activity targets the following objectives:

17 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D16 ACTFL Five C’s & standards : z1-Communication 1.1, Engage in conversation, provide and obtain information, exchange opinions z2.-Cultures, 2.2 Understanding relationships between products and perspectives of the culture z3- Connections 3.1 /3.2 knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language/distinctive viewpoints z4- Comparisons 4.1 Insight into language and Culture z5- Communities 5.1 students use the language within & beyond the classroom) Learning objectives of French For Business: French language,business,culture  1. activate business terminology in the target language. z2. encourages the development of cross-cultural awareness in business situations z3. provide exposure to French business facts.  4. provides an opportunity for authentic immersion in French and in business and cultural issues. z * PRACTICAL outcome: Certificat Pratique CCIP.

18 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D17 4.3. Characteristics of Activity a. Focal point of semester integrated in course work: zpreceded by preparation work and z followed by group activity: Trade Show role play b. Strategy for optimizing the learning process of new material: language and content. tests the sum of student learning provides student learning outside class empowers students with own learning creates situation for peer learning/monitoring/evaluation

19 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D18 5. Description & illustration

20 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D19 Preparation work: understanding French ads zEvian zQuestions z1. Ceci est une publicité pour: zde l'eau ? z-des bouteilles en plastique? z-un emballage recyclable? z(justifiez votre réponse) z2.Ouvrez le site EVIAN. za-Trouvez le nom du Groupe zauquel Evian appartient et le nom de zson PDG. zb-Trouvez la raison sociale complète zd'Evian. z Text z #90% des utilisateurs ont définitivement adopté ce geste. Et vous? z Exclusif et révolutionnaire, le sytème REC (réduction des emballages par compression) z étonne par sa simplicité et son efficacité: une simple pression des deux mains et hop, la z bouteille compactible d'Evian se réduit à 1/4 de son volume et fini les poubelles qui z débordent! Alors, vous aussi, essayez-le, vous gagnerez de la place et en plus, vous ferez z un geste pour notre espace. z Can you translate this? (into English) z #Evian : Packaging z Evian has invested $40 million in designing a new bottle with sculpted impressions z emphasizing the spring water's source, the French Alps. The bottle's stylized "peaks" are z really fold lines that make the bottle completely collapsible, an advantage for recycling and z a novelty in the packaging industry. Consumers will find the new bottle on grocery shelves z in late 1995. z Can you translate this? (into French) FFB objective: 1. activate business terminology in the target language. FFB objective: 1. activate business terminology in the target language.

21 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D20 French Text: (Evian picture) 90% des utilisateurs ont définitivement adopté ce geste. Et vous? Exclusif et révolutionnaire, le sytème REC (réduction des emballages par compression) étonne par sa simplicité et son efficacité: une simple pression des deux mains et hop, la bouteille compactible d'Evian se réduit à 1/4 de son volume et fini les poubelles qui débordent! Alors, vous aussi, essayez-le, vous gagnerez de la place et en plus, vous ferez un geste pour notre espace. Can you translate this? (into English) English text: Evian : Packaging Evian has invested $40 million in designing a new bottle with sculpted impressions emphasizing the spring water's source, the French Alps. The bottle's stylized "peaks" are really fold lines that make the bottle completely collapsible, an advantage for recycling and a novelty in the packaging industry. Consumers will find the new bottle on grocery shelves. Can you translate this? (into French) FFB goals+ Actfl Standards targeted: 2.2-Cultures, Understanding relationships between products and perspectives of the culture 3.1- Connections knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language/ 3.2. distinctive viewpoints. 4.1- Comparisons Insight into language and cultural differences. FFB goals+ Actfl Standards targeted: 2.2-Cultures, Understanding relationships between products and perspectives of the culture 3.1- Connections knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language/ 3.2. distinctive viewpoints. 4.1- Comparisons Insight into language and cultural differences.

22 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D21 Preparation work: creating ads in French zBabybel zInventez un slogan. Créez un texte publicitaire qui comprend les indications suivantes. Vocabulaire à employer: z200g zFaire envie z35% de matières grasses zà pâte pressée demi-cuite zhaute qualité

23 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D22 Student texts zWeb page texts –http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/activities.htmlhttp://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/activities.html Computerized feedback-evaluation by peers: > http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp.ads.fgci#cheese –http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project1.html;http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project1.html; –http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/french/ffbcourse.htmlhttp://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/plc/french/ffbcourse.html

24 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D23

25 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D24 La Cigale: Café Français par R. Haegler zVenez déguster d’excellents sandwiches, salades et cafés français dans un décor provençal. z Laissez-vous charmer par son atmosphère authentique et chaleureuse au coeur de conversations franco-anglaises. z Imaginez-vous en France l’ombre d’un instant et oubliez tous vos soucis avant de poursuivre votre route à Philadelphie. z La Cigale, l’étape essentielle de tout francophone ou francophile de Philadelphie qui se respecte! z725 Walnut St., Philadelphie, PA 19106 -- Tél. (215) 625-3666 z La Cigale, French Café z Come enjoy excellent sandwiches, salads, and French coffee in a typical southern France atmosphere. Be charmed by its z genuine and warm atmosphere in the middle of conversations in French and English. Let's imagine you are in France for just a moment, relax, and forget about all your worries! z La Cigale is the place to go for lovers of France (and of its food)! z 725 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19106 -- Phone # (215) 625-3666 ACTFL standards Communication 1.1 Engage in conversation, provide and obtain information, exchange opinions Cultures 2.2 Understanding relationships between products and perspectives of the culture Communities 5.1 Students use the language beyond the classroom ACTFL standards Communication 1.1 Engage in conversation, provide and obtain information, exchange opinions Cultures 2.2 Understanding relationships between products and perspectives of the culture Communities 5.1 Students use the language beyond the classroom

26 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D25 La Terrace, par Edina G zUn restaurant français dans le quartier d’University City de Philadelphie, a été fondé en 1966. Après plus de vingt ans de succès, la Terrace a dû fermer ses portes pendant neuf ans. Billy Hoffman a travaillé avec l’Université de Pennsylvanie pour la zreouverture de La Terrace qui fut en mai 1997. Aujourd’hui, le restaurant continue à avoir un immense succès avec une clientèle de tous les âges. Bien sûr, les professeurs et les étudiants de l’Université de Pennsylvanie viennent manger au zrestaurant, mais La Terrace attire aussi les docteurs et membres du personnel de l’Hôpital de l’Université de Pennsylvanie. Même des Philadelphiens du centre ville et des banlieues viennent pour déjeuner et dîner à la Terrace. André J. P. Guillet, le gérant, et Clark Gilbert, le chef, vous invitent à savourer les plats de La Terrace si délicieux à des prix vraiment raisonnables. zLe restaurant a une cave remplie de vins du monde entier et reçoit des livraisons de viandes, poissons, légumes et du pain ztous les jours. z La Terrace, a French restaurant in Philadelphia’s University City, was founded in 1966. After more than 20 years of success, La Terrace had to close its doors for nine years. Billy Hoffman worked with the University of Pennsylvania for La Terrace’s reopening. Today, the restaurant continues to enjoy wide success with a diverse clientele. Of course, the University of Pennsylvania’s professors, staff and students come to eat at the restaurant, but La Terrace also attracts the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania’s personnel as regular customers as well. Even Philadelphians from center city and the main line come to dine at La Terrace. André J. P. Guillet, the manager, and Clark Gilbert, the chef, invite you to try La Terrace’s delicious courses, all offered at reasonable prices. The restaurant has a wine cellar filled with wines from around the world and receives daily deliveries of meat, fish, vegetables and bread. ACTFL standards Comparisons 4.1 Understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of language studied and own. ACTFL standards Comparisons 4.1 Understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of language studied and own.

27 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D26 Celis Brewery Interview with Pierre Celis, chez Celis Brewery by David J. Le Pierre Celis est venu à Austin en 1990 avec le but de brasser sa propre bière à la façon belge. M. Celis a acheté neuf acres au nord-est de Austin pour y installer sa brasserie, la Celis Brewery. Aujourd'hui, la société Celis Brewery est une des brasseries les plus connues au Texas, produisant plus de cinq types de bière, toutes dans le style belge. Né en 1925 en Belgique à Hoegaarden, une ville connue pour ses nombreuses petites brasseries, Pierre Celis a été initié très jeune à la culture et à l'art de brasser... Durant sa jeunesse, Celis a eu la chance d'habiter juste à côté de la brasserie Tomsin. Comme le jeune Celis montrait un intérêt dans ce domaine et comme les propriétaires de la brasserie Tomsin n'avaient pas d'enfants, en 1935 Celis a commencé un apprentissage non officiel chez Tomsin, pour apprendre à brasser la bière blanche qui était une tradition à Hoegaarden depuis des siècles. (…) ACTFL Standards+ FFBusiness objectives 1. activate business terminology in the target language. 2. encourage development of cross-cultural awareness in Business issues 3. provide exposure to French business facts. 4. provides an opportunity for authentic immersion in French and in business and cultural issues. ACTFL Standards+ FFBusiness objectives 1. activate business terminology in the target language. 2. encourage development of cross-cultural awareness in Business issues 3. provide exposure to French business facts. 4. provides an opportunity for authentic immersion in French and in business and cultural issues.

28 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D27 z(…)“ Celis attribue son succès à la qualité et au goût unique de ses bières ainsi qu' à leur marketing. Il faut connaître le marché, dit Celis, et reconnaître les différences culturelles. Celis a remarqué par exemple que la façon de faire de la publicité pour des produits n'est pas la même aux Etats-Unis qu'en Belgique. Il note que quoique la qualité joue un rôle important en Amérique, c'est plutôt la publicité de masse qui influence les ventes alors qu'en Belgique c'est le contraire. La qualité de la bière prédomine et la connaissance de la bière se propage de bouche-à-oreille. Pour arriver à ce but, Celis Brewery fait des publicités à la radio et ouvre ses portes au public et organise des tours de la brasserie.” (…) zCelis says his success is due to the high quality and unique taste of his beers and to their marketing. One must know the market says Celis and be aware of cultural differences. He noted e.g. that the way advertising is done in the United States is different from back home in Europe. Though quality is important in the States, it is rather mass advertising that impacts the sales whereas in Belgium it is the contrary. The quality of the beer predominates and the beer gains its reputation by word of mouth. To gain popularity Celis Brewery advertises on the radio and organizes tours of his brewery. ACTFLStandards Connections 3.2. Recognize distinctive viewpoints Comparisons 4.2: Insight into language and culture : different patterns of interaction. FFB: encourage the development of cross-cultural awareness in business situations.

29 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D28 Web page: interview reports zSent to Chamber of Commerce/ Franco- American Chamber of Commerce zConsulates zIndividual businesses as hardcopies: Brochure of French Entrepreneurs List (from the area) Evaluation of web page entries by peers/outsiders/teacher

30 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D29

31 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D30 Follow up: group activity role play zCreate your company zLogo/slogan/label zPub/ brochure zAdvertising Text explaining who you are/ what you do. zBusiness cards zPrepare a Trade Show

32 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D31 Role Play : Trade Show. http://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project2a.htmlhttp://www.lamc.utexas.edu/sp/project2a.html  ACTFL Standards, the 5 C +FFB objectives: Language-Business- Culture  1. activate business terminology in the target language. z2. encourage the development of cross-cultural awareness z3. provide exposure to French business facts. z4. provides an opportunity for communication/immersion in French business and cultural issues.  ACTFL Standards, the 5 C +FFB objectives: Language-Business- Culture  1. activate business terminology in the target language. z2. encourage the development of cross-cultural awareness z3. provide exposure to French business facts. z4. provides an opportunity for communication/immersion in French business and cultural issues.

33 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D32 II. Pedagogical aspects of activity design: Strategic teaching Integrating zelements of strategic learning zand web technology in order to zenhance individual learning within a group activity.

34 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D33 Definitions a. Strategic learning  =motivation/ goal setting/cooperative learning/self-peer motivation, self- regulation (Weinstein C. E.“Strategic Learning/Strategic teaching: Flip sides of a coin” in Student Motivation, Cognition, and Learning: Essays in Honor of Wilbert J.Mc Keachie (1994), P.R Pintrich, D.R. Brown & C.E. Weinstein (eds) L.Erlbaum Associates Publishing: Hilsdale, N.J. ) zImplies of the part of the student: Will, skill and self-control zAssumes: Student maturity, invention, self-organization

35 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D34 b. Strategic teaching=flip side of strategic learning In a learner-centered pedagogy, the role of the teacher is to facilitate active and personalized learning. ( Reagan; Fosnot, L. L. & Muyskens, J. A) Strategic teaching: zgenerate motivation, zset goals clearly, zpromote self-regulation of learning zfoster cooperative learning (self/peer- monitoring) 4 criteria

36 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D35 C. Use of web technology zDanger of “resource-based learning”=dereliction of teacher’s duty? (Laurillard, D. Rethinking University Teaching. Framework for the effective use of Educational Technology, Routledge ( 1996 3rd) zBenefits of web technology yone -point stop for guidelines (tasks and goals clear), information (and internet resources). Ludic and attractive (impacts motivation). Flexible to students’ needs. y interactive, provides a feedback. Student sends message to the outside world by means of a published text and the world responds back to the student (evaluation). ymediates communication between the teacher, the student and group (peers /outside world). Laurillard: Teacher’s “duty”= set parameters for student learning.

37 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D36 III. Conclusions The activity meets 4 criteria of strategic teaching Web page guidelines yset learning goals clearly Individual interviews & web-reports, the preparatory work (“ads”) and follow up, generated and sustained ymotivation yself-monitoring and regulation of learning. Will to understand & be understood encouraged accuracy (language/content). yfostered cooperative learning. Will to communicate information:1. in interaction between student and interviewee; 2. peer-group sharing (role play activity) resulted in creations of companies for a Trade Show.

38 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D37 Whole project, example of : zMotivated individual performance + authentic, meaningful group communication zPromoted ythe objectives for Language Learning and French for Business in particular ynew paths for learning: xpeer learning and outside agents (i. e., learning from non-university environment). Milton Cox.”Emerging Trends in College teaching for the 21st century.", The Teaching Network, 18: 1-2) xWebpage = alternative communication medium between teacher, student and outside world. zEffective transfer of learning responsibility between teacher and student. zCreated a fun, challenging learning context.

39 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D38 " I was so exhilarated when I saw my name appear next to my article on the web! For once I was famous" (student remark). ___________________________

40 Ciber Conference 2001, Th.Saint Paul, Ph.D39 Bibliography Fosnot, C. T. Constructivism: A psychological theory of learning. In C. Fosnot (ed.) Constructivism: Theory, Perspectives, and Practice. (N. Y: Teachers College Press). 1996: 29-30; Gonglewski, M. FLA, 32, pp. 349sq. (1999) Harlow, L. L. & Muyskens, J. A. "Priorities for intermediate-level language instruction" Modern Language Journal, 78 (2) 1994: 141-54. Laurillard, D. Rethinking University Teaching. Framework for the effective use of Educational Technology, Routledge ( 1996 3rd) Milton Cox.”Emerging Trends in College teaching for the 21st century.", The Teaching Network, 18 Weinstein, C. E.“Strategic Learning/Strategic teaching: Flip sides of a coin” in Student Motivation, Cognition, and Learning: Essays in Honor of Wilbert J.Mc Keachie (1994), P.R Pintrich, D.R. Brown & C.E. Weinstein (eds) L.Erlbaum Associates Publishing: Hilsdale, N.J.\ National Standards for Foreign Language Education: www.actfl.orgwww.actfl.org Reagan, T. “Constructivist Epistemology and Second/Foreign Language Pedagogy”, FLA, 32 (4) 1999: 413-425. Wood, Priscilla. Who is using the National Foreign Language Standards? FLA, 32 (4) 1999: 435-440