DISCIPLINARY CAPITAL. Political Homogeneity and “Scientific” Legitimacy of the Chilean Political Elites 1990-2010 Alfredo Joignant Full professor in Political.

Slides:



Advertisements
Présentations similaires
Primary French Presentation 2 Saying How You Are.
Advertisements

Mission X Superfli Emily Roberts Cette présentation sera écrit en français avec sous-titres anglais violet de couleur. This presentation will be written.
POLI-D-439 Participation politique comparée en Europe 5 ects (Théorie: 2, Travaux personnels: 3) Titulaire: Emilie van Haute Séance 3.
POLI-D-439 Participation politique comparée en Europe 5 ects (Théorie: 2, Travaux personnels: 3) Titulaire: Emilie van Haute Séance 2.
Un chat deux chats deux chiens Un chien deux chevaux Un cheval
Cest lundi, le 2 décembre 2013 Les Objectifs: NS 1.1 Students engage in conversations, provide & obtain info. Express feelings & emotions, and exchange.
Le subjonctif.
Information Theory and Radar Waveform Design Mark R. bell September 1993 Sofia FENNI.
© Copyright Showeet.com S OCIAL M EDIA T HINKING.
Notes for teachers: Olympics 2012 Project – parts of body Instructions for using these slides & attaching soundfiles if desired are in the notes pages.
1. THE RELATIVE PRONOUN “QUI”. The relative pronoun qui is a subject pronoun. It may refer to people or things, and corresponds to the English pronouns.
1 Savoir et Connaître La norme: Communication 1.2 Comparisons 4.1 La question essentielle: - What are the two French verbs which mean « to know »? - What.
Livre page 48. There are 4 different ways to form questions. Félicitations!! You already know 2 of the ways ☻ We have not “officially” studied this concept.
I can tell time in French!
Quelle force que celle de s’accepter comme on est !
Epistémologie du Web social Epistémologie du « web social » 1er Semestre 2010 / 2011 Session 03 : introduction théorique.
 The compound past tense (past indefinite), more commonly known as the passé composé, refers to an action or event completed in the past.  The word “compound”
Le Comparatif et le Superlatif
THE ADJECTIVES: BEAU, NOUVEAU AND VIEUX 1.
Les Mots Interrogatifs
Greetings, formal and informal
French 101 Important Verbs. The most important French verbs – avoir (to have), être (to be), and faire (to do/make) They are used in some of the ways.
RULES OF THE GAME There are 2 rounds. Round 1 - One person from each team comes to the front of the room. Team 1 will give a one-word clue to their “guesser”
L’Heure To ask what time it is in French, say: – Quelle heure est-il? To respond, say: – Il est... heure(s). – Ex: 02h00 Il est deux heures. 04h00 Il est.
Les Pronoms Direct & Indirect.
ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE CONCOURS 2010 Workshop NSERC scholarship application 23 avril 2015 École Polytechnique.
Pile-Face 1. Parlez en français! (Full sentences) 2. One person should not dominate the conversation 3. Speak the entire time The goal: Practice! Get better.
Le passe composé.
Year 10. Bon appetit unit. Introducing ‘en’. ‘en’ – ‘some of it’ or ‘some of them’ ‘En’ is a small but important word in French that is commonly used.
Jeunes, qui êtes-vous? Using reading strategies for comprehension, comparisons, and preparation for Café français.
Lucia - LAPP Phi* meeting - 3 novembre Correcting back to the electrons after FSR So far C Z defined w.r.t. electrons before FSR Z status = 3 and.
EU Joint Programming: Belgium Expert meeting on EU Joint Programming April 26th 2013.
En français, every NOUN has a gender. It is either MASCULINE or FEMININE. It has NOTHING to do with who uses it more, what color it is, etc. It is just.
Synthèse de structure d'entreprise SAP Best Practices.
Irregular Adjectives Not all adjectives are made the same.
Les verbes réfléchis.
FLASH! Power Point Sample. Use FLASH! with any level I put a variety of topics in here so you can see how to make a FLASH! with different levels of learners.
Je peux traduire le français au l’anglais!
Le octobre. L’emploi du temps Qui est présent? Résumons Les accords/desaccords.
Tache 1 Construction d’un simulateur. Objectifs Disposer d’un simulateur d’une population présentant un déséquilibre de liaison historique, afin d’évaluer.
Welcome everyone.
Ça va? FR Leçon 3, Unite Exercice 1 Try using comment vas-tu and practicing formal as well 1.Pourquoi? J’ai mal à la tête. 2.Pourquoi?
A Les articles pp. R4-R5 In French, articles and adjectives agree with the nouns they introduce. They are MASCULINE or FEMININE, SINGULAR or PLURAL. Definite.
Faire + Infinitif I make my friends laugh.
Gestion des déplacements professionnels SAP Best Practices.
1. Est-ce que Est-ce que, literally translated "is it that," can be placed at the beginning of any affirmative sentence to turn it into a question: Je.
Français 2, 27 octobre 2014 Ouvrez vos livres á la page 43. Use these sentences to describe your floor plan. What do you get if you cross an alley cat.
WE’RE ALMOST DONE – CONGRATULATIONS! LE PRONOM « Y »
RULES OF THE GAME There are 2 rounds. Round 1 - One person from each team comes to the front of the room. Team 1 will give a one-word clue to their “guesser”
‘Oddballs !’ Some more irregular verb revision in the Present Tense.
EDHEC OPEN INNOVATION 2016 #OpenInno 2016 [Bus. Case title – Company] Company LOGO.
Unité 6 Leçon B. Forming yes/no questions  To form a yes/no question in French in the simplest way, add a question mark at the end of the sentence, and.
Nous parlons des matières Buts: To be able to give extended opinions on school subjects To express agreement or disagreement.
Français I – Leçon 6A Structures demonstrative adjectives passé composé with avoir.
Netwin is supported by the EU Commission in the framework of the Recite II programme Le projet Netwin est soutenu par la Commission Européenne dans le.
Le verbe Venir Les normes: – Communications 1.2: Understanding the written and spoken language – Comparisons 4.1: Understanding language through comparisons.
Les Prepositions Definition: Prepositions are words that are used to express relationships between words, such as temporal (time) and spacial (space) relationships.
AVOIR Quick review of the conjugation of the verb AVOIR  J’ai  tu as  Il/elle a  Nous avons  Vous avez  Ils/ells ont.
Negative sentences Questions
ever for This presentation requires PowerPoint XP or later.
O WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE MEMBERS OF OUR COUNTRY?
Les pronoms compléments d’objet Object pronouns. Direct Object Pronouns A direct object receives the action of the verb, -- who? Or What? –I see the ball/je.
Le Passif...getting to know the Passive Voice in French!
Les expressions negatives. Pourquoi? If you have an affirmative statement in French and you want to make it negative, you use a negative expression. If.
Speaking Exam Preparation
Reflective verbs or Pronominal verbs
Theme One Speaking Questions
Leadership Styles Mrs. Keith Main Types of Leadership Styles 1.The Autocratic or Authoritarian Leader 2.The Democratic or Participative Leader.
IMPROVING PF’s M&E APPROACH AND LEARNING STRATEGY Sylvain N’CHO M&E Manager IPA-Cote d’Ivoire.
Transcription de la présentation:

DISCIPLINARY CAPITAL. Political Homogeneity and “Scientific” Legitimacy of the Chilean Political Elites Alfredo Joignant Full professor in Political Science, Diego Portales University (Chile) Bordeaux, ECPR, 4-7 september 2013

Towards a Theory of Resources in the Political Field My proposal is set as opposed to the approaches which explain the power of agents in the political field by appealing to “skills”, “abilities” and “strategic intelligence” languages. However, this proposal is also far from the approaches which get satisfied by detecting institutional mechanisms for candidate selection or recruitment of powerful political agents: these mechanisms obviously exist, but they mean the allocation and devoting of resources which are necessary to classify and understand. For this purpose, Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory provides the grounds for the power sources of agents in the political field. Those power sources result in capital, which has no intrinsic value: the power of agents in the political field is explained in light of the relationships between habitus, field and the capital held by them.

Elements on the Sociology of Capital in Politics: Premises and Assumptions The distribution of capital among individuals who inhabit political field originates deeply unfair success and competition between areas in the field: parties, congress or parliament and the government. With the purpose of accounting for this distribution of resources, it is important: - to define the concept of “capital”. - to explain the logics of resource accumulation. - to show how the resources value fluctuates according to the agents’careers, which may be upwards or downwards. - methodologically, the analysis must start with initial capital allocations, i.e. at time in which individuals access the political field holding a position having formal political power.

Species of Capital in Politics Let’s start with a statement: in the political field there is not only one resource by means of which individuals compete to access positions either by election or by nomination. In the event of existing only a single type of resource, this would mean that the struggle in the political field is won according to capital volumes. Different species of capital converge in the political field, their relevance depends on the historical status of the field: for instance, “militancy” capital was historically relevant during the 60’s and 70’s in countries such as Chile, France or Uruguay, being no longer important during subsequent periods. From the above it is concluded that so as to access the political field in any of the positions, it is necessary to hold any of the species of capital relevant to this field, which in turn gives origin to forms of political competence which is possible to detect in “styles” of doing politics and in different ways of playing political roles: hence the importance of the “habitus” concept and of the practical sense of agents by means of which they express themselves.

Social Origins of Political Capital The relevant capital in the political field is usually originated in other spaces and after social trajectories: that relevant capital is specified in species. The number of relevant species is variable, but not infinite. This means that the political value of the different capital species is historically variable: it depends on the status of the field at any given time. Therefore, the political species of capital (the one originated inside the political field, for instance in militancy in a party or in the inheritance of resources inside political dynasties) is only one of the possible

The study of one species of capital: the case of “disciplinary capital” with evidence from Chile Il s’agit d’une espèce de capital qui, à mi chemin du capital scientifique et du capital partisan, a permis –parmi d’autres espèces de capital- aux élites politiques de centre-gauche chiliennes de gouverner pendant 20 ans, en gagnant toutes les élections entre 1990 et 2010 Un petit groupe de ces élites (N=20) est formé par des technopols: ce fut l’élite qui a véritablement conduit les différents gouvernemnts chiliens (ressources “tech” et “pol”) Mais à ce petit groupe s’ajoute un groupe plus grand, technocratique, qui partage avec les technopols quatre savoirs disciplinaires: économie, science politique, droit et sociologie: un même univers mental Au total, entre technopols et élites technocratiques formés dans ces 4 disciplines, il s’agit de 121 individus La thèse que je défends c’est que ce capital disciplinaire doit être compris en un double sens: au sens de disciplines scientifiques, mais aussi au sens d’une fonction disciplinatrice qui est réalisée par ce capital

Some Data and Insights Entre 1990 et 2010, il y a eu 4 mandats présidentiels consécutifs d’une même coalition de centre-gauche (la Concertación) Entre 1990 et 2010, il y a eu 281 personnes qui furent nommées ministres et sous-secrétaires (150 ont été interviewées) Comment est-ce possible qu’une même coalition tienne si longtemps au pouvoir? : la présence d’une elite relativement petite et disciplinairement homogène permet de répondre cette question Les agents n’ont pas été nommés au hasard des positions gouvernementales disponibles Les agents qui se sont formés dans ces 4 disciplines l’ont fait aux Etats- Unis, au Chili (pays reproducteur des savoirs dominants aux Etats- Unis au bénéfice de ses élites locales), en Espagne, et plus loin la France et la Grande Bretagne

La distribution ministérielle du capital disciplinaire L’élite technocratique et les technopols formés dans ces quatre disciplines: 121 agents qui ont été nommés ministres et sous-secrétaires entre 1990 et Ce groupe a rempli une fonction de leadership collectif (semblable au New Zealand experiment qui fut étudié par Wallis) Pour convaincre les partis politiques de la coalition, ainsi que ses députés et sénateurs, les ressources institutionnelles du présidentialisme renforcé chilien ne suffisent pas. Le capital disciplinaire a permis de discipliner les partis, de justifier les politiques et cours d’action et de les légitimer, en occupant pendant 20 ans des positions stratégiques dans la région économique et politique du gouvernent. Mais il a permis aussi d’exercer une forme singulière de pouvoir symbolique sur les hommes des partis et les professionnels de la représentation dans les deux hémicycles.

THANK YOU