FLN= Front Liberation National founded in Cairo by Ben Bella & Abbas. An Algerian uprising in Setif is brutally suppressed by the French army. May 8, 1945 Algeria became a French colony. Arabs were discriminated against economically and politically. 1830 Ben Bella imprisoned by the French 1956 Brazzaville (Congo) Conference Africans would have more autonomy within the French Union, but not independence. 1944 One million European settlers »colons » or « pieds noirs » repatrioted to France .after 1962 FLN= Front Liberation National founded in Cairo by Ben Bella & Abbas. Aim was a guerrilla war against the French. 1954 « Battle for Algiers » FLN launch guerrilla campaign in capital city. French support sending 700,000 paratroopers to put down the insurrection. May 1958-1959 North African French colonies of Tunisia and Morocco gain their independence. 1956

Referendum in France supports de Gaulle’s policy. 1961 French Fourth Republic falls . 1958 Charles de Gaulle returns to power. January 1959 Fifth Republic constitution establishes a strong presidency. 1958 De Gaulle’s policy for Algeria is « autodetermination » (Algerians should choose their own government) September 1959 OAS = Organisation de l’Armée Secrète led by General Salan fights against independence. 1961 « The government in Paris was in a state of panic; the rebel French generals in Algeria asked de Gaulle to save ‘French Algeria,’ and he got ‘the call.’ May 1958

United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 Ben Bella is elected Algeria’s first president. 1963 85,000 pro-French Algerian « harkies » leave for France to escape reprisals. After 1962 Evian Accords are signed giving Algerians right to vote for independence. March 1962 Algerians vote overwhelmingly for independence. July 1962 World War Two ends Key Questions: 1. How did Algeria gain its independence from France by 1962? 2. Why was independence difficult to achieve? 3. Compare the decolonization process in Algeria and India. DECOLONIZATION CASE STUDY: ALGERIAN INDEPENDENCE

« En Afrique française . . . où des hommes vivent sous notre drapeau, il n'y aurait aucun progrès qui soit un progrès, si les hommes, sur leur terre natale, n'en profitaient pas moralement et matériellement, s'ils ne pouvaient s'élever peu à peu jusqu'au niveau où ils seront capables de participer chez eux à la gestion de leurs propres affaires. C'est le devoir de la France de faire en sorte qu'il en soit ainsi. » General de Gaulle 1944 Brazzaville Ahmed Ben Bella Battle o Algiers 1958

DECOLONIZATION CASE STUDY: ALGERIAN INDEPENDENCE 1830 1944 1945 1948 1954 1956 1958 1959 1961 1962 1963

Activity: 1. Discuss handout/summary sheet with map and cartoon 2. Place cut-outs on the big timelines (2 groups) and compare and correct [Use post-its to add other key events studied this year.] 3. Handout individual timelines & discuss key questions

Activity: 1. Discuss handout/summary sheet with map and cartoon 2. Place cut-outs on the big timelines (2 groups) and compare and correct [Use post-its to add other key events studied this year.] 3. Handout individual timelines & discuss key questions Do you have a flag? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTduy7Qkvk8