Unit 3 Decades of change 1920 – Prosperity 1930 – Depression 1940 – World War 2 – Repercussions of the War – Canada in the World 1950 -1960 – Technology after the war 1950 -1970 – Social and Cultural Tendencies 1980-2000 – Globalization

Chapter 6 : Prosperity and Depression Objectives : Evaluate the role of historic events in Canadian history. Identify the factors that lead to economic prosperity in Canada in the 1920’s. Evaluate the impact of new technology on lifestyles in the 1920’s. Analyse the causes of the Great Depression (economic crisis) of the 1930’s. Determine the effects of the Great Depression on an economic, social and political level.

No more need to produce war supplies World War One 1914-1918 After the war… A TEMPORARY RECESSION No more need to produce war supplies High Unemployment LOW WAGES Higher prices

BEGIN A PERIOD OF ECONOMIC GROWTH Prosperity in the 1920’s… In the 1920’s: Central Canada British Columbia The Prairies BEGIN A PERIOD OF ECONOMIC GROWTH “BOOM”

THE GROWTH OF CERTAIN INDUSTRIES Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) THE GROWTH OF CERTAIN INDUSTRIES Pulp and paper Mines Automobiles Wheat

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: Increase productivity Lead to new inventions Electricity & Assembly Lines

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: The automobile advances in its technology, from steam-powered engines to using gas and combustion engines. The automobile

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: L’automobile avance dans sa technologie, pour changer des moteurs à la vapeur comme source d'énergie, vers le pétrole et le moteur à explosion. L’automobile &

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: Assembly Lines make it so that cars, as well as other inventions, can be mass produced and now cost much less money. $$$   Assembly Lines

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: La chaîne de montage fait en sorte que les automobiles réalisent une production en masse et coûtent moins cher. $$$   Tout le monde peut s’en acheter une!!    L’automobile & La chaîne de montage

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: Prosperity !! $$$   Everyone can buy one!!   

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: La prospérité !! $$$   Tout le monde peut s’en acheter une!!   

Washing clothes by hand Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: Our country changed... from one where people had to work hard just to survive.... Washing clothes by hand

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: Le pays change d’une societé qui... travaille fort juste pour survivre, vers une qui travaille moins, et a du temps libre. Laver à la main &

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: To a society where people didn’t have to work as hard. Washing Machine

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: Le pays change d’une societé qui... travaille fort juste pour survivre, vers une qui travaille moins, et a du temps libre. Laveuse électrique &

Factors that contributed to prosperity (Western Canada and Central Canada) NEW TECHNOLOGY: People had much more free time and energy to.... Have FUN!!!!! Washing Machine

Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: Les gens avaient beaucoup plus de temps libre et d’énergie pour.... s’amuser!!!!! Laveuse électrique &

http://youtube.com/watch?v=684n8FO68LU Facteur qui ont menés à la prospérité (Ouest du Canada et Canada central) LES NOUVELLES TECHNOLOGIES: Les gens avaient beaucoup plus de temps libre et d’énergie pour.... s’amuser!!!!! Laveuse électrique &

Factors that lead to economic decline in the Maritimes Ship building was the force that drove the economy. This industry was not important after the war, and there were no modernized techniques to advance the industry.

Factors that lead to economic decline in the Maritimes Rail transportation Fares were so high that it cost too much to ship by train. We were located too far from ON and QC to transport goods another way. With all the shipping costs, our products cost too much → loss of clients Job loss → UNEMPLOYMENT

Factors that lead to economic decline in the Maritimes Failure to invest $$ in technology (such as electricity/manufacturing) Industries did not have modern machines Our secondary sector was not developed (manufactured products, like pulp and paper)

Factors that lead to economic decline in the Maritimes At the border, the US charged duty (tax) on all shipments from primary sector resources Fishing Agriculture Mines Forests

Canadian Economy in the 1920’s Western Canada and Central Canada The Maritimes Economic growth… Demand ↑ for wheat, minerals and pulp and paper Automobile Industry took off Trade with USA developed (American companies built factories in Canada) Electricity and other new technologies developed, increases in supply and demand Assembly lines ↑ production Economic decline… Ship building ↓ and ports (Halifax and St. Johns) not modernized Duty ↑ to transport products by train Lack of $$$ to invest in hydro-electricity, which powered factories (less manufacturing= less jobs) US charges duty for primary products

Support the following statements with detailed evidence Evidence (Proof) The Maritimes did not experience economic prosperity during the 1920’s. See the table above… Women suffered from gender inequality during the 1920’s. Had to leave their jobs once they were married. Quit school after 8th grade. Paid less than men. Few were educated (16.3% university). First Nations people did not benefit from the economic boom of the 1920’s. Were displaced to areas where the soil wasn’t fertile. Weak economic resources.

GOVERNMENT TACTICS TO ASSIMILATE FIRST NATIONS 1st tactic School attendance became mandatory for First Nations children aged 7-15 year. 2nd tactic Children sent to residential schools (they couldn’t speak their language, wear their traditional clothing, or observe their native holidays,…) 3rd tactic The Indian Act (1927) which made it illegal for Indians to organise politically or to hire lawyers

Inventions and Technologies in the 1920’s Inventions Impact on society Electric stoves and other appliances Developed industries and commerce, increased the number of jobs and the rate of comsumption Installment billing (credit cards) Created a consumer-driven economy Car sales increased Telephone Increased communication Radio Form of entertainment Assembly lines Increased productivity

Canadian Lifestyles during the 1920’s Leisure Radio and cinema Sports « The age of sports » More women in sports Night Clubs Not approved of by everyone… Developed styles for men and women