Some introductory words about pervasive computing (and pervasive grids)

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Transcription de la présentation:

Some introductory words about pervasive computing (and pervasive grids)

Smart objects ? © F. Mattern

Pervasive systems : some visions (1/3) « Calm technology » [Mark Weiser, 1991] –« A new way of thinking about computers in the world, one that takes into account the natural human environment and allows the computers themselves to vanish in the background » –« The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it » –[The objective of pervasive computing is to ] “ … make a computer so imbedded, so fitting, so natural, that we use it without even thinking about it.” –“Ubiquitous (pervasive) computing is roughly the opposite of virtual reality. Where virtual reality puts people inside a computer-generated world, ubiquitous computing forces the computer to live out here in the world with people.”

Pervasive systems : some visions (2/3) [M. Satyanarayanan, 2001] –Pervasive computing environment = « one saturated with computing and communication capability, yet so gracefully integrated with users that it becomes ‘a technology that disappears’ » –So : “Smart” spaces “Invisibilitity” and transparency Scalability

Pervasive systems : some visions (3/3) « I just want to use these f… so-called smart objects/appliances/… » « I want to get rid of the software/hardware/network organization/structure : I just want to access my personal data and the data I need what ever the place /when ever the time « Put down the barriers » : no network interconnection pb, no computer administration frontiers What about security/privacy ???

Retour à la «vision » L’ « objet-sujet » est acteur du système – smart objects / smart everything – objets actifs L’ « intelligence », c’est, en premier lieu, le « réseau », la capacité d’échanger de l’information L’ « intelligence », c’est aussi la capacité de s’adapter à l’utilisateur/au contexte (context awareness), de s’intégrer à l’environnement « Je » fait partie du contexte L’ « intelligence », c’est enfin la capacité de s’organiser : – de manière autonome (auto-organisation) – de manière spontanée Ecosystème

Définitions [Laforest 2008] Ubiquitaire –Accessible de n’importe où Mobile –Qui intègre les terminaux mobiles Context-aware –Qui prend en compte le contexte d’exécution Pervasif –Qui associe ubiquité, mobilité et context-awareness Ambiant –Qui est intégré dans les objets quotidiens

From S. Frénot Un système pervasif est d’abord un système distribué ! Persistance des données Échange de données entre applications hétérogènes Répartition des données sur des sites distants Gestion de la cohérence des données Interopérabilité des plates-formes Portabilité des applications Gestion des accès concurrents Intégration des “legacy” systèmes Ouverture Sécurité

Un système pervasif est aussi un système mobile (et un système de « capteurs » ! Découverte de l’environnement (services, machines, logiciels…) Protocoles de routage et d’échange/recherche d’informations Tolérance aux déconnexions et auto-organisation Intégration de services et interopérabilité Sécurité …

A pervasive system is also a « user centric » system Invisibile « Smart » (do not interrupt me for nothing !) User preferences aware Context aware Self learning Pro-active Secure and privacy keeping

Basic issues Discovery (Auto-)Organization and routing Security and privacy Context-awareness and user awareness (and modeling) Composition, execution and migration of services Adaptation (data, services, HMI) Data delivery and access (cache, replication, persistence…) Mediation (data, services) and information/service sharing Traceability and history HMI – augmented reality Collective “intelligence”, semantic emergence, social networks (scalability – low energy consumption – “calm”)