the Periodic Table the Periodic Table 2017/2018 Made by : NEDJAR NASSIMA Made by : NEDJAR NASSIMA MS:HAMZA 1

work’s plan: work’s plan: 2

introduction 3 Most science labs have a periodic table proudly displayed on one of their walls. They look nice and sciencey! But what exactly is a periodic table? Why is it useful and how did somebody work out how to arrange all of the elements in such a pattern? In this presentation, you will explore the periodic table and describe how the elements are organized within it.

I am Dmitri Mendeleev! I made the PERIODIC TABLE ! HISTORY 4

Dmitri Mendeleev (c. 1860)  Russian chemist  Looked for common properties in elements  Then arranged by atomic mass  Noticed similar properties appeared at regular intervals  “periodic” 5

DEFINITION 6

The Periodic Table of Elements is a way of organizing the elements in relation to each other so it is easy to find elements that have similar properties. It allows scientists to make predictions and explain events. What is the Periodic Table of Elements? Why is that helpful? 7

C 6 Carbon The name of the element The Symbol of the element Atomic Number Atomic Mass What info is on the Periodic Table ? 8

What is the ATOMIC NUMBER? o The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom Or o The number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom. 9

What is the SYMBOL? o An abbreviation of the element name. 10

What is the ATOMIC WEIGHT? o The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. 11

- - Electron Shells Valence Electrons The Nucleus 12 12

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Periods Groups  Group: A group or a family is a vertical column in the periodic table  Period : The horizontal row in a periodic table is called a period. 14

Periods Groups Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons Elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells 15

Groups  18 groups in standard periodic table, numbered from 1 to 18, as per IUPAC standards.  Elements in a group have similar configurations of the outermost shells, leading to similar properties. 16

Group Names  Group 1: Alkali metals  Group 2: Alkaline earth metals  Group 3-11 : Transition Metals  Group 11: Coinage metals/Copper Family  Group 12-14: Metalloids & nonmetals  Group 15: Pnictogens /Nitrogen Family  Group 16: Chalcogens /Oxygen Family  Group 17: Halogens /Halide Family  Group 18: Noble gases 17

Alkali Metals Most Reactive Metals Always found bonded with other elements Groups/Families of the Periodic Table 18

Alkaline Earth Metals Very Reactive Always found bonded with other elements 19

Carbon Family Contains metals, non- metals and metalloids. Carbon is found in all living things Groups/Famili es of the Periodic Table 20

Oxygen Family Oxygen is very reactive Groups/Fami lies of the Periodic Table 21

Halogen Family Very Reactive Always found combined with other element in nature. Groups/Fami lies of the Periodic Table 22

Nobel Gases Very Stable and not reactive All are found in the air Groups/Fami lies of the Periodic Table 23

24 after this presentation you should now know all about elements and how they are arranged on the periodic table. Some things to include in your guide are: A description of how elements are arranged in the periodic table. Where groups and periods are found on a periodic table. A labeled diagram of an atom including information about the charge and mass of the subatomic particles.

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