«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 KM-Master Course, 2004 INSEAD CALT – The Centre for Advanced Learning Technologies, Fontainebleau, France Thierry NABETH Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents C1: Identity & Identity issues

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Defining The Identity Concept What is the Identity concept? Where is it used? Why it is important (what are the issues)? How to manage Identity? Identity in virtual communities?

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity has to do with the characteristics of the individual, and what makes it unique or on the contrary similar with the others. Identity can be defined from an internal perpective, or in the perspective of its interaction with the environment. What is Identity

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity intervenes all the time in people life: When people travel In the personal life Family life Social life Health Work Business Shopping … Where is Identity used

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity of Alice, Marit Hansen, ICPP

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Technical : The Digital Id, the Id tools Legal : Freedom (of expression), liability Security (police, etc.) Id Thief, controlling access, … Philosophy the Human being and the society Biology The Human as a living entity (DNA, …) Identity: a variety of perspectives

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Psychology Who I am? (behaviours, personal life) Sociology Who are they? (groups & relationships) Organisation, business Position, affiliation, reputation Marketing The abstract identity (profiling, datamining) Commerce The customer (transaction) Identity: a variety of perspectives (cont.)

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Some Concept Partial identity Self identity True, assign and abstracted identity

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Partial Identities used in Contexts Contextualisation Identity facets Partial Identities Territories / Spheres  Several partial identities (activated in context) Need to isolate these partial identities

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 The I The indeterminate first person perspective The implicit Me The potentially representable identity The explicit Me The identity managed by digital infrastructures The self identity concept

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Acknowledging and addressing the Imperfection of representation Right to correct The question of Control By the individual By trusted third parties By external parties (companies exploiting this information) The self identity concept. Issues

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 The personal Identity (inner and timeless) Exists all the time. The corporate Identity Attached to a particular context only The abstracted identity No attached to an individual (profiling) True, Assign and abstracted Identity

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Temporality To be strongly protected Conditionality To be detachable from the Individual The abstracted identity Abstract, but real consequences for people. (to set some boundaries of what can be done). True, Assign and abstracted Identity, Issues

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Managing identity The technical approach: –Let’s create some tools The legal approach: –Let’s legislate (forbid or allow) Security –Let’s control (procedures) Pedagogy –Lets educate (how to behave)

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity in the Internet Age Identity in new pure digital territories: –Virtual community systems, MMORPG, electronic market place, collaborative e- learning platforms, blogs, wikis, … Digitalisation of real territories – Enhanced reality (mixing real/digital), ubiquitous communication, RFID, “Cyborgnetic”, blended learning Crime & frauds –Spying, phishing, money laundering, etc.

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 the eIdentity, What’s new? Many Identity concepts & issues existed before the advent of the Information Society (ISoc) –Id fraud, democracy, etc. But the ISoc has magnified their importance: –Possibility to record everything (technically and economically) –Possibility to analyse this information (profiling) –Possibility to do massive personalisation New usages –Profiling / Personalisation, support for social networks, geographically informed systems, … –Extreme mobility

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity & Virtual communities Variety of ways to define one’s identity: –Web page, Blogs, reputation systems (ebay), socialware, dating systems, … Variety of ways this identity is misused –What about spamming, spying, privacy issues etc.? Managing this identity –Identification (anonymity, pseudonyme, etc.) –Observability, encryption, etc.

«MASTER MANAGEMENT ET INGENIERIE ECONOMIQUE» Spécialité: Projet innovation conception, option gestion de la connaissance Module: Communautés virtuelles, Agents intelligents Thierry Nabeth, 2004 Identity in Domains healthcare: –the management of medical information. This information should not be disclosed outside the medical or the private sphere. personal life: – hobbits, family composition, sexual orientation,... work:: –job title and position, competence, professional experience, etc. education:: – diploma (in which institution), interest, grades, etc...