Les nouveaux usages du Cloud Computing

Présentation au sujet: "Les nouveaux usages du Cloud Computing"— Transcription de la présentation:

1 Les nouveaux usages du Cloud Computing
@christiancomtat Christian Comtat Directeur Cloud Computing IBM France Le 21 Mai 2013

2 Capturez la croissance avec le Cloud Computing
30/03/2017 90% des entreprises passeront au Cloud d’ici 2015 6B Téléphones Mobiles $240B Capteurs en 2016 Efficacité Transformation Rethink IT Reinvent Business Améliorer la vitesse et la flexibilité des applications Livrer de manière efficace et sans limite Capter de nouvelles opportunités business Garantir l'intégrité et la sécurité Fournir des produits et des services à haute valeur ajoutée 450B Transactions business / jour sur Internet en 2020 420M Moniteurs de santé sans fil en 2014 IBM Corporation

3 5 sur 5: Transformer notre façon de travailler, de vivre et d’interagir dans les cinq prochaines années

4 Déjà une réalité dans nos projets de recherche
Les chercheurs d’IBM sont les premiers à caractériser les liaisons chimiques des molécules La microscopie à force atomique permet aux scientifiques d'identifier l'ordre et la longueur des liaisons au sein des molécules Cette technique peut être utilisée pour étudier les futurs appareils en graphène

5 Et la recherche IBM est aujourd’hui à Eurocloud Paris
Dr. Martin Schmatz IBM Zurich Research Laboratory PhD at ETH Zurich and joined the IBM Zürich Research Laboratory in 1999. Dr. Schmatz contributed to OIF and JEDEC standards, has 40+ external publications at premier conferences and refereed journals in the field and holds more than 20 patents. He is a member of the IBM Academy of Technology, the IBM Technical Experts Council and has an MBA from the Henley Management College in the UK. Les Nouveaux Usages du Cloud

6 Les Nouveaux Usages du Cloud
Dr. Martin Schmatz IBM Research - Zurich May 21st, 2013 6 6

7 IBM Research – Global Research in a fast changing world

8 And where exactly is the Cloud?
Global and distributed Main Point: IBM’s global reach is unparalleled. The blue dots represent IBM cloud labs and SmartCloud centers. With over 5,000 successful cloud engagements, our experience and expertise is proven and trusted by the world’s most demanding companies IBM provides the right hardware, software and expertise to help your organization fully leverage the cloud. IBM Cloud Labs IBM SmartCloud Centers 8

9 Major Waves of Technology
Confluence of Social, Mobile, Analytics, Cloud World Wide Web and eBusiness Client Server PC Back Office Computing The IT industry has experienced four major waves of technology, or inflection points that come along every couple of decades or so. First, the mainframe era began in 1959 when IBM introduced the 1401 computer followed by the System 360 in 1964 which enabled systems management of business processes and back-office computing. Second, with the birth of the personal computer in 1981 came the era of client-server computing. The Internet was commercialized in 1995 and fueled the third era called the World Wide Web that revolutionized culture and electronic business including near instant communication by electronic mail, instant messaging, and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). Today a new inflection point has occurred with a technology shift driven by the confluence of social, mobile, cloud, Big Data, and analytics that is transforming the way companies deliver millions of systems, software, and services to billions of users. Gartner refers to this fourth wave as the “nexus” of cloud, big data, social, and mobile. IDC coins the phrase “3rd Platform” built on mobile devices and apps, cloud services, mobile broadband networks, big data analytics and social technologies. 60’s 80’s 90’s We are here 9

10 Mega Trends influencing the Cloud
Growing Scale / Lower Barrier of Entry Users Transactions Computations Data Technology Drivers Increasing Complexity / Yet More Consumable Data and data management Workloads Discovering insights Interaction Fast Pace Evolving business eco-system Dynamic scalability Minimize time to value Keeping pace with technology and globalization Mobile - Social – Cloud – Big Data / Analytics Contextual Overload Proliferation of sensors and devices Demand for personalization Just in time The past year has witnessed a remarkable change in the IT marketplace with many new entrants, a significant uptick in the number of mergers and acquisitions, growing investment by the venture capital community in enterprise focused companies, and an increasingly competitive and dynamic ecosystem. The technology drivers of social, mobile, cloud, Big Data, and analytics have led to the identification of four mega trends in the 2013 GTO. Growing Scale / Lower Barrier of Entry – Massive expansion in the number of users, sensors and smart devices, channels, relationships, transactions, computations, and the amount of structured and unstructured data is occurring. In 2013, the total of all digital data created is forecast to reach four zettabytes, or 4 x 1021, nearly four times 2010 volumes. A growing number of easy-to-consume application programming interfaces (APIs) for integration with applications, platforms, and infrastructure is lowering the barrier to entry. Increasing Complexity / Yet More Consumable – The volume, variety, velocity, and veracity of data is contributing to the increasing complexity of data management, workloads, and advanced analytics needed to discover insights. For example, novel algorithms to analyze large graphs are resource intensive and new kinds of data management for these graph structures will be needed in the future. Users are becoming more sophisticated and demanding interactive tools for business and scientific visual analytics. The mobile phone has evolved from a simple voice device to a multimedia communications tool capable of uploading and downloading data, text, audio, and video while also functioning as a global positioning system, wallet, FM radio, television, alarm clock, thermometer, address book, newspaper, camera, and more. Fast Pace – Disruptive new models for development and consumption are emerging and increasingly penetrating the enterprise ecosystem resulting in rapid innovation and decreased time to value. Componentized hardware and software is available off the cloud. New web front-end pay-per-use service models are experiencing rapid growth. Social media is influencing how developer and open source communities are engaging in this global ecosystem. Massive open online courses are experiencing exponential growth making education and training more accessible. Contextual Overload – The proliferation of sensors and devices and the explosive growth in structured and unstructured data are causing information and contextual overload. With the increasing affordability and sophistication of smart devices, new opportunities exist to provide contextually aware and personalized services based on user views, desires, preferences, and location delivered just-in-time. 10

11 Cloud Usage Approaches – Traditionally…
IaaS: Cut IT expense, reduce risk and complexity through a cloud enabled data center PaaS: Accelerate time to market with cloud platform services SaaS: Gain immediate access with business solutions on cloud Innovate business models by becoming a cloud service provider Cloud Service Delivery & Management Main Point: As cloud computing becomes pervasive, clear and well-defined approaches that consistently deliver tangible results are emerging. These patterns of adoption meet the most pressing priorities of organizations today and can be grouped into the following four categories: Cut IT expense and complexity through data center optimization: addresses immediate needs for cutting IT expense and complexity while improving efficiency of service delivery. Typically these projects include significant elements of consolidation, virtualization, standardization and automation. Accelerate time to market by rapidly building, deploying, and managing new services - solve the need for accelerating time to market for new services and increasing profitability and competitive advantage. Typically these projects are characterized by standardized and automated provisioning of topologies for pre-defined workloads. Gain immediate access to enterprise-class software as a service is about gaining immediate access to enterprise class solutions while minimizing risk and capital expense. Some services include collaboration, business process management, analytics, application management, , integration, order-to-cash, B2B, dev/test, service desk, and marketing. Innovate business models by becoming a cloud service provider is for organizations that want to capitalize on new business models and revenue sources by offering cloud-based services to others. Examples range from core cloud service delivery to industry-specific integrated service management with storage, networking and security. 11

12 5 sur 5: Transformer notre façon de travailler, de vivre et d’interagir dans les cinq prochaines années

13 5 in 5 Technology Predictions Overview
Computing Will Expand in the Realm of the Senses In the next era of computing, the era of cognitive systems, computers and software will gain amazing new capabilities. Today’s computers calculate, automate processes and organize data; tomorrow’s will learn, adapt and sense. Sight: A pixel will be worth a thousand words Smell: Computers will have a sense of smell Touch: You will be able to reach out and touch through your phone Taste: The right molecules will get you to eat healthier Hearing: Computers will hear what matters This will add to the Tsunami of uncertain data, which is expected to reach 80% of all available data by 2015!

14 New technology and the availability of skills are playing a critical role in achieving organizational objectives* 1 Technology factors People skills Market factors Macro-economic factors Regulatory concerns Globalization At the same time, our businesses are under even greater pressure to deliver on their fundamental imperatives. And new technology is playing a critical role in organizations achieving these objectives. In fact, in IBM’s latest CEO study, technology has become the number 1 external factor impacting organizations. Organizations today are looking for partners that not only promise tomorrow, but show them a path to get there. They want a partner with expertise and experience - a proven track record as a technology leader – helping organizations bridge the past and the future of IT. Someone who can help where necessary and add to their capabilities, their reach, their quality of service and their insights to the market. * IBM CEO study

15 The Power of Cloud: Transforming healthcare with IBM SmartCloud and Watson
“Medicine has become too complex. Only about 20% of the knowledge clinicians use today is evidence-based.” Steven Shapiro Chief Medical & Scientific Officer University Pittsburgh Medical Center Main point: At the core of what makes Watson different are three powerful technologies - natural language, hypothesis generation, and evidence based learning. But Watson is more than the sum of its individual parts. Watson is about bringing these capabilities together in a way that’s never been done before resulting in a fundamental change in the way businesses look at quickly solving problems Further speaking points:. Looking at these one by one, understanding natural language and the way we speak breaks down the communication barrier that has stood in the way between people and their machines for so long. Hypothesis generation bypasses the historic deterministic way that computers function and recognizes that there are various probabilities of various outcomes rather than a single definitive ‘right’ response. And adaptation and learning helps Watson continuously improve in the same way that humans learn….it keeps track of which of its selections were selected by users and which responses got positive feedback thus improving future response generation Additional information: The result is a machine that functions along side of us as an assistant rather than something we wrestle with to get an adequate outcome 15 15

16 Case Study: A Cognitive System Applied to Medical Diagnosis Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Challenge Rising caseloads: 1.6 million new cancer cases this year in the US alone* Complexity of cancer: a disease with hundreds of sub-types Non-specialists cannot keep up with rapidly changing information Solution Combine IBM Watson with Sloan Kettering’s clinical knowledge, molecular and genomic data and vast repository of cancer case histories, along with updated guidelines and published research Share evidenced-based options to oncologists anywhere to help them decide how best to care for an individual patient Watson just keeps getting smarter First applications for lung, breast and prostate cancers under development. Pilot program to give remote access to a select group of oncologists Issue: Cancer is not one disease; there are hundreds of sub-types, each with a different genetic fingerprint. Significant discoveries in molecular biology and genetics have delivered new insights for treatment, but have also increased the complexity of diagnosing and treating each case. Oncologists and physicians who do not specialize in specific sub-types face a significant challenge in keeping up with the magnitude of rapidly changing information 1.6 million new cancer cases diagnosed in the U.S. this year*. Solution: Combine the computational power of IBM Watson with MSKCC’s clinical knowledge, existing molecular and genomic data and vast repository of cancer case histories, in order to create an outcome and evidence-based decision support system IBM Research Project MSKCC’s world-renowned oncologists will assist in developing IBM Watson to use a patient’s medical information and synthesize a vast array of continuously updated and vetted treatment guidelines, published research and insights gleaned from the deep experience of MSKCC clinicians to provide an individualized recommendation to physicians. The tool will also provide users with a detailed record of the data and evidence used to reach the recommendations Development work already underway for the first applications, which include lung, breast and prostate cancers Pilots to begin with a select group of oncologists by year-end, with wider distribution in late 2013 Project Goals A comprehensive, evidence-based approach that will profoundly enhance cancer care by accelerating the dissemination of practice-changing research at an unprecedented pace, giving oncologists located anywhere the ability to obtain detailed diagnostic and treatment options based on updated research that will help them decide how best to care for an individual patient *American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts and Figures 2012 16

17 IBM Watson brings together a set of technologies to drive optimized outcomes – transformational!
2 Generates and evaluates hypothesis for better outcomes 1 Understands natural language and human speech 99% 60% 10% 3 Adapts and Learns from user selections and responses Main point: At the core of what makes Watson different are three powerful technologies - natural language, hypothesis generation, and evidence based learning. But Watson is more than the sum of its individual parts. Watson is about bringing these capabilities together in a way that’s never been done before resulting in a fundamental change in the way businesses look at quickly solving problems Further speaking points:. Looking at these one by one, understanding natural language and the way we speak breaks down the communication barrier that has stood in the way between people and their machines for so long. Hypothesis generation bypasses the historic deterministic way that computers function and recognizes that there are various probabilities of various outcomes rather than a single definitive ‘right’ response. And adaptation and learning helps Watson continuously improve in the same way that humans learn….it keeps track of which of its selections were selected by users and which responses got positive feedback thus improving future response generation Additional information: The result is a machine that functions along side of us as an assistant rather than something we wrestle with to get an adequate outcome IBM Watson represents a new class of cognitive solutions built on a massively parallel probabilistic evidence-based architecture 17 17

18 Watson enables three classes of cognitive services
Ask Leverage vast amounts of data Ask questions for greater insights Natural language inquiries e.g. - Next generation Chat Discover Find the rationale for given answers Prompt for inputs to yield improved responses Inspire considerations of new ideas e.g. - Next generation Search  Discovery Decide Ingest and analyze domain sources, info models Generate evidence based decisions with confidence Learn with new outcomes and actions e.g. - Next generation Apps  Probabilistic Apps Main point: Watson use cases can be broadly broken into three classes: Ask, Discover, and Decide. Users can ASK Watson direct questions in natural language the same way they ask friends or colleagues questions. This is in contrast to reducing an inquiry to a set of keywords and receiving a set of links to sources where their answers may (or may not) lie. People who saw Watson’s victory on the quiz show Jeopardy! will be familiar with this simplest use case. Think of this as next generation chat. Second, users can DISCOVER new insights with Watson. Examples of this could be use of Watson as a research assistant such as a biotech investigator looking for the best way to treat a disease in a specific cohort of patients. Finally, users might use Watson to help them DECIDE on the best course of action. This would be for situations where users are looking for confidence-based recommendations for their next action when they have many options to chose from such as what course of treatment to prescribe to a patient or what investment choice to make.

19 Watson Solutions build on a set of repeatable assets
At the same time, our businesses are under even greater pressure to deliver on their fundamental imperatives. And new technology is playing a critical role in organizations achieving these objectives. In fact, in IBM’s latest CEO study, technology has become the number 1 external factor impacting organizations. Organizations today are looking for partners that not only promise tomorrow, but show them a path to get there. They want a partner with expertise and experience - a proven track record as a technology leader – helping organizations bridge the past and the future of IT. Someone who can help where necessary and add to their capabilities, their reach, their quality of service and their insights to the market.

20 Watson is delivered as a service for greater access and simplicity
Dynamic Capacity Automate and control service provisioning Hybrid Delivery Extend & integrate on-premise solution with cloud offering Time to Value Enable incremental automation and business agility Flexible Consumption Support alternative delivery and pricing models Watson is delivered as a service. This ensures an opportunity to provide ubiquitous access well as allows IBM to continue to collect and curate new corpora's. Talk to the cloud… 20

21 Extremely hybrid HW and SW Systems will be managed as Software Defined Environment
Volatile workload characteristics result from changing business requirements Traditional Few, stable, and well known workloads Fixed System hardware, manual scaling Hardwired workload, minimal configuration Current Diverse workload, limited patterns Homogeneous resource pooling Expert configuration and mapping of workload Future Rapidly changing workloads, dynamic patterns Dynamic automatic composition of heterogeneous system Autonomic and proactive management W1 W2 W3 W4 R1 R2 R3 C V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 … Vn V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V5 ... …. Vn In the past (traditional) workload scenarios, there were few, stable and well known workloads. The software was manually stood up on a fixed set of systems with minimal requirements for configuration. Often the hardware and software were tightly integrated. Changes in workload demand could be addressed by manually scaling the hardware. With emergence of cloud, traditional workloads were virtualized and moved to the cloud, but at large, they were continued to be manually tuned and managed. In addition, new workloads started to emerge. Though limited workload patterns are available, expert configurations and mapping are still required. Cloud infrastructures are largely based on pooling of homogeneous resources. For instance PureSystems fall into the middle category as a cloud building block. Mobile First, Social technologies & Scalable Services Ecosystem, both of which presented extremely volatile workload characteristics resulting from changing business requirements. Consequently, current infrastructures that have been optimized for systems of record need to evolve to address this new set of requirements. We see heterogeneity as a key factor in the evolution of the cloud towards software defined environments. First, many cloud environments are evolving at customer sites and are heterogeneous by nature. Second, system infrastructures are becoming composable and programmable and thus heterogeneity can be exploited to achieve optimal outcome. The exploding number and increased volatility of workloads and applications coupled with the heterogeneity leads to the situation where standing and tuning application can no further be done in a manual fashion. A need to automate the deployment and to continuously and optimally manage these workloads is evident. This includes both the software and infrastructure for dynamic construction of workload fit systems. This is what SDE is about.

22 Cloud computing and security The good and the evil...
IBM is committed to an open system because it empowers our clients to make choices about how and where to run their workloads. With open architectures, you can decide to deploy your app with IBM, or any other provider that embraces these standards and open source. A great world to live in! One where you can make choices based upon your business need and the value your provider adds through knowledge, experience and offerings. We have helped establish technologies such as OASIS Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications, Open Stack, and Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration, along with best practices from the Cloud Standards Customer Council. IBM doesn’t just consume from this open ecosystem. We are actively engaged in each of these projects, and many others, because we have a vested interest in ensuring the best technologies are brought forward.

23 Dual security concerns in cloud-computing
Who’s in charge? Cloud providers IBM is committed to an open system because it empowers our clients to make choices about how and where to run their workloads. With open architectures, you can decide to deploy your app with IBM, or any other provider that embraces these standards and open source. A great world to live in! One where you can make choices based upon your business need and the value your provider adds through knowledge, experience and offerings. We have helped establish technologies such as OASIS Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications, Open Stack, and Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration, along with best practices from the Cloud Standards Customer Council. IBM doesn’t just consume from this open ecosystem. We are actively engaged in each of these projects, and many others, because we have a vested interest in ensuring the best technologies are brought forward.

24 Cryptography in the cloud Standards-based. Flexible. Customer Driven.
IBM is committed to an open system because it empowers our clients to make choices about how and where to run their workloads. With open architectures, you can decide to deploy your app with IBM, or any other provider that embraces these standards and open source. A great world to live in! One where you can make choices based upon your business need and the value your provider adds through knowledge, experience and offerings. We have helped establish technologies such as OASIS Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications, Open Stack, and Open Services for Lifecycle Collaboration, along with best practices from the Cloud Standards Customer Council. IBM doesn’t just consume from this open ecosystem. We are actively engaged in each of these projects, and many others, because we have a vested interest in ensuring the best technologies are brought forward.

25 Les Nouveaux Usages du Cloud
Dr. Martin Schmatz IBM Research - Zurich May 21st, 2013 25 25

26 Cloud ecosystème et IBM: Réinventons le business
De 8h30 à 18h à l'IBM Client Center de Bois-Colombes 5 Juillet : Forum des Partenaires, Le « Cloud Ecosystem Forum » Cette journée sera rythmée par deux conférences plénières, qui mêleront "pieds sur terre" (retours d'expérience) et "tête au-dessus des nuages" (défis et opportunités), plusieurs ateliers "Rendez-vous d'experts", qui réuniront en petits groupes ceux qui partagent les mêmes modèles de business ou les mêmes besoins, et des moments d'échanges informels entre les sessions.